Investigation of 3 dB Optical Intensity Spot Radius of Laser Beam under Scattering Underwater Channel

An important step in the design of receiver aperture and optimal spacing of the diversity scheme for an underwater laser communication system is to accurately characterize the two-dimensional (2D) spatial distribution of laser beam intensity. In this paper, the 2D optical intensity distribution and 3 dB optical intensity spot radius (OISR) are investigated due to the dominating optical intensity of laser beam being within the 3 dB OISR. By utilizing the Henyey–Greenstein function to compute the scattering angles of photons, the effects of the scattering underwater optical channel and optical system parameters on 3 dB OISR are examined based on the Monte Carlo simulation method. We have shown for the first time that in the channel with a high density of scattering particles, the divergence angle of the laser source plays a negligible role in 3 dB OISR. This is an interesting phenomenon and important for optical communication as this clearly shows that the geometric loss is no longer important for the design of receiver aperture and optimal spacing of the diversity scheme for the underwater laser communication system in the highly scattering channel.

Coherent Interaction of Multiple Diffracted X-Rays in Crystals

Coherent dynamical interaction in a 6-beam Borrmann diffraction experiment leading to an unusual intensity enhancement of X-ray transmission in crystals is investigated by using a synchrotron radiation source. A sharp enhanced intensity spot of two seconds of arc beam- divergence is observe 1 on the direct beam at the exact 6-beam diffraction position. The plane- wave dynamical theory is employed to account for the experimental results. The polarization dependence of the crystal excitation by the incident beam is discussed.