Treatment of Salt for Food-Grade Using Activated Carbon

The research on the effect of treatment of salt for food-grade using activated carbon has done. The purified salt in this study was obtained from the Bringharjo market, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The purification of salt has been done using activated carbon with various weights are 2.5, 3, 4 g. Other chemicals used as a material to remove impurities are Na2C2O4 and Na2CO3. Activated carbon 2.5 g was the salt product with the level of NaCl is 97.28%. Metal content of the Mg, Ca, Pb, and Cd in salt are 0.02%, 0.019%, 10.33 mg/kg, and 2.055 mg/kg, respectively. As a conclusion is, salt produced with treatment using activated carbon can be used for food grade.

PENGARUH KUALITAS BAHAN BAKU DAN RASIO UMPAN TERHADAP PELARUT PADA PROSES PEMURNIAN GARAM DENGAN METODE HIDROEKSTRAKSI BATCH

Nowadays, Indonesia is still relying on the imported salt, especially from Australia to meet the domestic salt demand. Development of salt purification process is still ventured to improve the quality of the salt as well as the efficiency. In this research, salt purification process is done using the hydroextraction method, where the salt crystals are purified using the pure saturated salt solution in a beaker glass. Different classification of salt K1, K2, and K3 are used with F:S ratio is varied by 1:30; 1:35; 1:40; 1:45; and 1:50. The hydroectraction process is stirred at 50 rpm. The quality of the purified salt are determined based on analysis of the levels of NaCl, Ca2+, and Mg2+. The highest NaCl level, 98,89% obtained on the process using K2 salt with F:S ratio is 1:45.

A CHEMICAL PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINATION OF THE C14-DISTRIBUTION IN LABELLED XYLOSE

A series of reactions reported previously for the degradation of glucose has been modified and extended to permit the determination of carbon-14 in each of the five carbons of a single 2 mM. xylose sample. Methyl xylopyranoside was oxidized with periodic acid giving C-3 as formic acid, and a dialdehyde which was converted to strontium methoxy-diglycolate. The purified salt was hydrolyzed to glyoxylic and glycolic acids. The glyoxylic acid was isolated as the 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (C-1 + C-2) which was decarboxylated to give carbon dioxide from C-2. The glycolic acid was oxidized by lead tetraacetate to give C-4 as carbon dioxide and C-5 as formaldehyde. The activity in C-1 was determined by difference. The method was applied to xylose-1-C14, xylose-5-C14, and a biologically synthesized xylose sample with satisfactory results. This degradation procedure is theoretically applicable to other aldopentoses and aldotetroses.

A CHEMICAL PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINATION OF THE C14-DISTRIBUTION IN LABELLED XYLOSE

A series of reactions reported previously for the degradation of glucose has been modified and extended to permit the determination of carbon-14 in each of the five carbons of a single 2 mM. xylose sample. Methyl xylopyranoside was oxidized with periodic acid giving C-3 as formic acid, and a dialdehyde which was converted to strontium methoxy-diglycolate. The purified salt was hydrolyzed to glyoxylic and glycolic acids. The glyoxylic acid was isolated as the 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (C-1 + C-2) which was decarboxylated to give carbon dioxide from C-2. The glycolic acid was oxidized by lead tetraacetate to give C-4 as carbon dioxide and C-5 as formaldehyde. The activity in C-1 was determined by difference. The method was applied to xylose-1-C14, xylose-5-C14, and a biologically synthesized xylose sample with satisfactory results. This degradation procedure is theoretically applicable to other aldopentoses and aldotetroses.