Challenges and Opportunities for Shared Economies

Shared economy or access economy has ushered in a new revolution. It is often mentioned that the fourth industrial revolution will be propagated by sharing economies. This study reviews the nature of shared economy and its impacts. It focuses on the challenges posed by access economy, especially in context of emerging nations. It discusses the unique nature of trust as a construct, the potential of sharing economy platforms to reduce the information barrier, the changing nature of relationship with the factors of production and most importantly, the regulatory challenges in this particular market structure.

Machine Learning Approach for Multi-Layered Detection of Chemical Named Entities in Text

Identification of chemical named entities in text and subsequent linkage of information to biological events is of immense value to fulfill the knowledge needs of pharmaceutical and chemical R&D. A significant amount of investigation has been carried out since a decade for identifying chemical named entities at morphological level. However, a barrier still remains in terms of value proposition to scientists at chemistry level. Therefore, the work described here aims to circumvent the information barrier by adaptation of a Conditional Random Fields-based approach for identifying chemical named entities at various levels namely generic chemical level, morphological level, and chemistry level. Substantial effort has been invested on generation of suitable multi-level annotated corpora. Recommended machine learning practices such as active learning-based training corpus generation and feature optimization have been systematically performed. Evaluation of system performance and benchmarking against the other state-of-the-approaches showed improved results.