UDMURT FAMILY IN 1959-1989: DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECT

The article analyzes changes in the number, size and structure of the Udmurt family in Udmurtia based on the population censuses of 1959, 1970, 1979, and 1989, based on a significant array of statistical data introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. For the first time, the size of families headed by the Udmurts was calculated in 1959. It was 4,1 people. in the republic as a whole, 3,5 people. - in urban settlements, 4,2 people. - in the countryside. For the first time in historiography, a grouping of Udmurt families was made, depending on the number of members living together. The typology is considered and the quantitative composition of Udmurt families with children according to the 1970 census is presented. At the same time, a comparison is made with the average republican family. It showed, in particular, that the Udmurt family was larger throughout the period under consideration, although the difference gradually disappeared. Most of the Udmurts had intergenerational families consisting of three generations and single-parent families. Moreover, in the latter, the parent was aged. Also, for the first time, the state of marriage among the Udmurts was analyzed: if for 1959 and 1970 in the sources it was possible to find only the number of married, then for 1979 and 1989 - also the number of divorced, widows who have never been married. Their age distribution is also shown. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the Udmurt family suffered more during the Great Patriotic War than the average republican family.

Transnational grandparenting: the intersection of transnationalism and translocality

Using the case of transnational childcare by Chinese grandparents in Canada, this chapter presents a perspective on transnational grandparenting beyond a narrow cultural lens. Drawing on theories of transnationalism and translocality, it analyses three interconnected aspects of transnational grandparenting: (1) intergenerational love in the context of neoliberal care restructuring; (2) intergenerational families in the context of border control; and (3) generational reciprocity in the context of cultural rupture. It is concluded that an exploration of the intersection of transnationalism and translocality can contribute to a broader, contextualised perspective from which to understand the dynamics, dissonance, and effects of transnational grandparenting. This approach shows promise for revealing the complex intersections, including tensions, between mobility and locality, and thus allows a less linear and more open and inclusive conceptualisation of the manifold ways in which transnational grandparenting is constituted.

Housing the Intergenerational Families

This study uses recent survey data from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics to examine factors relating to married couples coresiding with parents in Taiwan. We investigate how both factors from parents and married couples influence the continuity of intergenerational coresidence by using longitudinal data. The familiar support to aged parents certainly is a key factor for coresidence. Also, the needs of the married couples are closely related to coresidence, especially the need on housing. The finding indicates that those coresiding young couples in the early family life stages are more likely to keep living in parents’ homes.