Analyzing the Value and Evolution of Land Use Functions from “Demand–Function–Value” Perspective: A Framework and Case Study from Zhangjiakou City, China

Understanding land use functions (LUFs) value is critical for implementing sustainable land resources management and optimizing territorial space in China. However, existing research insufficiently portrays the contributions of land use to economic activity and people’s well-being. To address this crucial absence, this paper attempts to clarify the connotation of LUFs’ value and the logic of LUFs’ optimization under the national territorial space planning system by applying the “demand–function–value” integrated framework. Based on this framework and taking Zhangjiakou City as a case study, we classified LUFs into economic, social, and ecological functions. Then, we assessed the monetary value of LUFs at the grid level using spatialization and environmental economics methods. Besides, we analyzed the evolutionary characteristics of LUFs and their diversity and dominance. The results showed that the total value of economic, social, and ecological LUFs increased continuously between 1990 and 2015. Spatially, the ecological function showed an opposite pattern to that of social and economic functions. Additionally, the dominant role shifted from ecological function to social function, and the dominant functional combination changed from ELP-ENS-ST to SP-ENS-ELT over this period. Lastly, this paper proposes that policymakers identify and optimize ecological–production–living space through LUFs’ value assessment and coordination. The results provide a new methodological insight into the assessment and coordination of LUFs and adaptive land use management.

Production-living-ecology nexus of land-use functions in the mountainous areas: a case study of Chongqing, China

As the basis of land resource allocation and land use planning, land-use functions (LUFs) are important indicators for evaluating the sustainable development of land and environments. It is essential to evaluate the LUFs of a specific area from the perspective of land-use comprehensive functions. This paper takes 38 districts and counties in Chongqing, China, as an example to construct a state-space model from three aspects, production factors, living factors, and ecological factors, which affect the functions of land resources. The paper continues to construct an evaluation index system and determine indicators by entropy methods to calculate and evaluate the spatial differentiation of land-use functions in Chongqing. The results show that the value of land-use multi-functions in Chongqing can be divided into three levels. The results are characterized by the gradual weakening of the main urban area and the polarization effect is strong. The distribution characteristics of this result are caused by the differences in traffic conditions, geographical location, the quality of natural conditions, economic levels, planning policies, etc. In the end, this paper proposes relative suggestions for the facet of eco-friendly production and development to strengthen future policy guidance. Future studies can continue to improve the index system and study the spatio-temporal effects of LUFs from a microscopic perspective to make the results more accurate.

Analyzing Inundation Impacts on Transportation Network - The Case Study of Vadodara City

Inundation and related problems have become more uncontrollable all over the world leading to unexpected deaths, severe damage to infrastructure, and epidemics like conditions every year. A great number of cities in India have reported a series of heavy hazardous precipitation events during past few years. The immediate effects observed of floods specifically in urban areas are on the transportation network leading to its disruption. Most of the studies on transportation susceptibility including immediate and shortly after inundation events consider topographic properties along with supply and demand side of transportation system to access the disruption caused. In response to such events, this study aims to provide framework to access the susceptibility to urban road network due to inundation events. An integrated framework between meteorological information, land use functions, and hydrodynamic model simulated in HEC-RAS with rainfall event with 1-in-100 year is used for the analysis of the impacts being generated on the transportation infrastructure by such event. A critical map and index is developed to identify affected road length susceptible to flood. It has been observed that more than 40 percent of road length across the network has been affected by such unpredictable events. Also, there is a significant decrease in average speed of movement as compared to average normal speed observed on the normal days.

Richness, Diversity, and Conservation Status of Bird Species in Maron Beach, Semarang, Indonesia

Birds are important species that play a role in maintaining ecosystem stability. The land-use functions by humans can cause decreasing diversity of bird species. The purpose of this study was to identify species richness, species diversity, and conservation status of birds in Maron Beach, Semarang. The research was conducted in January 2017 using the point count method by five points. Observations were made at 06.00 - 10.00 WIB with a duration of 15-30 minutes for each point. The results showed that there were 42 bird species from 20 families. The species richness index (R1) showed a 6.629 value which is classified as a high category. Diversity index (H ') showed 2,915 value which is classified as a medium category. Conservation status of bird species that were protected by PP No. 7 1999, there were 7 bird species. Protected bird conservation status by P 106 2018, there were 3 bird species. The conservation status by IUCN is classified into 2 categories, that were Near Threatened (NT) and Least Concern (LC). The conservation status of international trade according to CITES indicates that no species are included in the list, but most of the bird species are traded locally.