EFFECT OF BORON ON THE COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF METALLIZED HIGH-ENERGY MATERIALS

The paper presents the results of thermodynamic calculations of the effect of pure boron additives on combustion characteristics of high-energy materials (HEM) based on ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, active fuel-binder, and powders of aluminum Al, titanium Ti, magnesium Mg, and boron B. The combustion parameters and the equilibrium composition of condensed combustion products (CCPs) of HEM model compositions were obtained with thermodynamic calculation program “Terra.” The compositions of solid propellants with different ratios of metals (Al/B, Ti/B, Mg/B, and Al/Mg/B) were considered. The combustion temperature Tad in a combustion chamber, the vacuum specific impulse J at the nozzle exit, and the mass fraction ma of the CCPs for HEMs were determined.

THE BURNING RATE OF HIGH-ENERGY MATERIALS CONTAINING METAL FUELS BASED ON AL AND B

An effective method of increasing the energy characteristics of high-energy materials (HEMs) is the use of boron and metal borides powders, which have high values of specific energy released during oxidation and combustion. This study investigates powders of amorphous boron and aluminum borides, which are used in compositions of solid propellants based on ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, and active fuel-binder.

Stabilization of high-solid compositions based on nitrate ester plasticizers

This article analyzes the interaction of various stabilization systems based on nitrate ester plasticizers. This subject is relevant since improvement of operational characteristics, the decomposition slowing and increase of the chemical resistance are fundamental for high-energy systems. Model high-energy systems MS-1 and MS-2 were investigated. MS-1 is based on the active fuel-binder FB-1 using butyl nitrile rubber. MS-2 is based on the active FB-2 using polyurethane rubber, aluminum spherical powder, ammonium perchlorate, nitramine, process and stabilizing additives. Diphenylamine, resorcinol, methyl nitroaniline and mixtures thereof were used as a chemical resistance stabilizer. In the article the studies of stabilizing systems such as diphenylamine and resorcinol, diphenylamine and methylnitroaniline, diphenylamine are given. To establish the effect of the system stabilization the level of gas evolution was determined on the basis of various nitroether plasticizers. As a matter of record the gas evolution level was found to have decreased by 40% in the model high-energy systems MS-1 based on active FB-1 using butyl nitrile rubber and methyl nitroaniline and diphenylamine stabilization system and by 6% in MS-2 that is based on active FB-2 using polyurethane rubber and methylnitroaniline and diphenylamine, nitrogen oxides being also absent in both systems.