PERBANDINGAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN DARAH PADA PRIA PEROKOK DAN BUKAN PEROKOK

Smoking habits have a bad effect for health, especially for respiratory organs. Various lung diseases arising from smoking include lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In Indonesia, the prevalence of smokers is increasing not only men but also women. This study was performed to compare the levels of hemoglobin blood of smokers and nonsmokers in male students semester seventh of Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi. This study was an observational study. The population in this study is male students semester seventh of Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi period January 2012. The total sample is 60 students, consisting of 30 smokers students and 30 nonsmokers students. Based on research data, average values of blood hemoglobin that is 16.263 (mg / dl), with a standard deviation of 0.9320 (mg / dl), whereas in the study sample 30 male nonsmokers had an average value of blood hemoglobin that is 15.723 (mg / dl), with a standard deviation of 0.8207 (mg / dl). Results of this study concluded that statistically there is comparison blood hemoglobin levels in student semester seventh period 2012 Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi both smokers and non smokers.Keywords: hemoglobin, male smokers and nonsmokers.Abstrak: Kebiasaan merokok mempunyai dampak yang buruk terhadap kesehatan terutama pada organ pernafasan. Berbagai penyakit paru timbul akibat rokok antara lain kanker paru dan penyakit paru obstruktif kronik. Di Indonesia prevalensi perokok makin meningkat tidak saja laki-laki namun juga pada perempuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar hemoglobin darah perokok dan bukan perokok pada mahasiswa pria Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi semester tujuh. Adapun penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh mahasiswa pria semester 7 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado periode Januari 2012. Jumlah sampel 60 mahasiswa, yang terdiri dari 30 mahasiswa perokok dan 30 mahasiswa bukan perokok. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai rata-rata hemoglobin darah yaitu 16,263 (mg/dl), dengan standar deviasi 0,9320 (mg/dl), sedangkan pada sampel penelitian 30 pria bukan perokok memiliki nilai rata-rata hemoglobin darah yaitu 15,723 (mg/dl), dengan standar deviasi 0,8207 (mg/dl). Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa secara statistik ada perbandingan kadar hemoglobin darah mahasiswa semester tujuh tahun ajaran 2012 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado yang perokok dan bukan perokokKata kunci: kadar hemoglobin, pria perokok dan bukan perokok.

Substance Involvement and Physical Health

Substance use, mainly defined as the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs, is a major risk factor for disease, disability, and mortality. Alcohol consumption can cause a number of chronic diseases, including several types of cancer, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, various cardiovascular diseases, alcohol use disorders and infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and pneumonia. Certain patterns of light moderate drinking, without heavy drinking occasions, may incur a protective effect on ischemic disease categories and diabetes. Finally, alcohol has been established as a causal factor for unintentional and intentional injury. Illegal drug use has been mainly linked to four health outcomes: overdose and other injury, noncommunicable diseases, certain mental disorders, and infectious diseases. In the final section, a comprehensive list of diseases attributable to tobacco smoking is provided, and the most important selected medical conditions are described. These include lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and ischemic heart disease.