Journal of Islamic Pharmacy
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Published By Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University

2527-6123

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Leny Ramadhan ◽  
MGS Aritonang ◽  
Yusi Anggriani

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Siti Maimunah ◽  
Dwiningsih Dwiningsih ◽  
Junaidi Khotib ◽  
Sukardiman Sukardiman

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Lisa Herliyana ◽  
Anita Purnamayanti, S.Si., M.Farm-Klin. ◽  
Fransiscus Octavianus Hari Prasetyadi

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Luthfi Ahmad Muchlashi

This study aims to compare conventional heating with microwave irradiation in order to obtain the optimal method for 3-amino-2-(2-chlorophenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one synthesis. For the compound to be completely synthesised, one needs to carry out much heating for a long period of time. 10 hours are required for the reaction using conventional heating; yet it takes only 5 minutes using microwave with 800 watts of power. It was found in this study that there was an improvement in percent yields of 3-amino-2-(2-chlorophenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one, 87 %  using microwave irradiation compared to 79 % using reflux. Therefore, microwave-assisted method is a quicker, higher yielding method for 3-amino-2-(2-chlorophenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one synthesis.


2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Oki Nugraha Putra ◽  
Mia Arum Anggraini ◽  
Hardiyono Hardiyono

The main modality in autoimmune disease is a long-term immunosuppressant treatment aiming to control disease progression and increase patient life expectancy. This scoping review aims to evaluate the effect of immunosuppressant treatment in autoimmune patients with COVID-19 on clinical outcomes and disease progression. This scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA extension for scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The Pubmed and Science Direct databases are used to find articles that match the study objectives. Thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria, and all of them were classified as observational studies. Most immunosuppressant treatments are the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) and glucocorticoids. The highest number of autoimmune patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was 43.4%, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 13.6%, and others was 43%. Autoimmune patients with COVID-19 taking immunosuppressant medications, particularly glucocorticoids, significantly increased the risk of hospitalization and the use of ventilators.  However, there was no mention of the dosage and duration of immunosuppressant therapy in most of the studies.  In general, the use of immunosuppressant drugs was not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality compared with the general population. Increasing age and comorbidities were associated with poor clinical outcomes. In conclusion, autoimmune patients with COVID-19 who are taking immunosuppressant therapy particularly glucocorticoid exacerbate clinical outcomes.  Periodic clinical monitoring and appropriate pharmacological interventions are required in autoimmune patients with COVID-19 to improve clinical outcomes and prevent death.Keywords: Autoimmune, COVID-19, Immunosuppressant, Clinical outcome.


2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Anisa Lailatusy Syarifah ◽  
Andini Andini ◽  
Haritsah Alfad ◽  
Auril Alfurida

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Fathia Faza Rahmadanita ◽  
Mangestuti Agil ◽  
Neny Purwitasari

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