Basic income: economy and psychology

Basic income is a social idea appealing to humanist philosophers and politicians. Numerous experiments on the introduction of the concept of basic income occurred in countries with varying degrees of economic development. Surveys are being conducted around the world on the need to introduce basic income. Dynamics of economic processes and social sentiment in individual countries require generalisation of modern factors influencing the possibility of practical implementation of the concept of basic income. This paper studies the economic and psychological factors for supporting the idea of basic income in terms of its practical implementation, analyses the interpretation of the UBI idea by various researchers and provides a characteristic of the modern vision of basic income. The arguments for and against the practical implementation of this idea with their structuring in the following directions are formed and considered: influence on the economy, change of social relations and possibility of practical realisation. The authors presentgeneralised results of the experiments on the introduction of basic income from the 1960s to the present day in South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, as well as the results of the poll and referendum on the introduction of basic income in Switzerland in 2016.

International mobility of students in modern conditions of transformation in the global market of services (regional aspect)

Modern global processes are stated to have significantly influenced transformations in the higher education system. On the other hand, internationalisation of higher education has become a key factor in the development of global processes. Accor-dingly, it becomes necessary to determine the specific nature of the internationalisation processes of higher education in different countries, as well as the involvement thereof in the processes of academic mobility at establishing the educational space transformation under the conditions of globalization, at grounding the changing place and role of universities as higher education internationalisation contribute to enhancing the convergence of national educational systems, providing a significant influence on the level of competitiveness of national economies. The authors define the peculiarities of attrac-ting countries to mobility processes and systematise the waves of international student mobility, taking into account the geopolitical and geo-economic factors of positive and negative influence of institutional drivers. Furthermore, dynamic shifts in international student mobility are calculated and the regional distribution of foreign students by educational level is determined. The purpose of the article is to identify the waves and substantiate the factors of international student mo-bility in the context of the transformation of the global market of educational services.