PROSES PEMURNIAN FRAKSI KAYA RHODINOL MINYAK SEREH WANGI MENGGUNAKAN SPINNING BAND DISTILLATION

Indonesia, as one of the biggest countries which supplies citronella oil, has a high potential to produce natural rhodinol. Recent studies on rhodinol purification using fractional and mollecular distillation showed the difficulty of obtaining high purity and yield. The objective of this study was to determine the method of spinning band distillation to purify rhodinol regarding reflux ratio and vaporization temperature. Citronella oil was divided into three fractions according to its boiling points. The volume of each fraction was estimated by its ratio (according to GC analysis) to the feed volume: F1 (components before rhodinol) 21.73%, F2 (rhodinol) 61.7%, and residue 15.82%. Initial research established the best conditioning before the purification process was 3 mmHg of pressure, equilibration started at 160oC in 30 minutes, and 18–17% of heat rate, as these created the stability of the vapor temperature. The levels of reflux ratio were 3:1 and 5:1, while the evaporation temperatures of rhodinol were 230oC and 235 oC. Reflux ratio of 5:1 at 230oC obtained the highest purity (81.30%) and the highest yield (72.94%). Equilibration and reflux ratio allowed rectification inside the column because the spinning band homogenized the vapour molecules by its downwards flow and wiped the reflux on the inner surface, which in turn caused the molecules with a lower boiling point to evaporate gradually. Meanwhile the other yields were 79.81% (3:1 at 230 oC), 80.53% (3:1 at 235 oC), and 80.21% (5:1 at 23oC) with yields of 71.82%, 70.31%, and 68.23%. Keywords: citronella oil, purification, rhodinol, spinning band distillation

PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI TERINTEGRASI DI KAWASAN AGROWISATA BERBASIS NANAS DI KABUPATEN PEMALANG

The development of integrated agroindustry in superior commodity-based agritourism becomes one of the programs to help to increase the villager’s welfare. Complete and effective planning is needed to develop integrated agroindustry in agritourism with less risk of failure in implementation. The objective of this research was to develop an integrated agroindustry in pineapple-based agritourism in Pemalang Regency, including to determine the preferred agritourism facilities and pineapple-based products, and to determine the strategic location, and techno-economic analysis of pineapple-based factory. The respondent’s preferences for agritourism facilities and pineapple-based products were collected by using a questionnaire. The strategic location was determined by using the Exponential Comparison Method. The feasibility of a pineapple-based factory consisted of the calculation of NPV, IRR, Net B/C, PBP, and BEP. The results showed that the priority for procuring agro-tourism facilities was the activity of pineapple processing tours, gazebos, children's playgrounds, cafeterias or eating places, photo spots, souvenir shops, pineapple field tours, and internet access. The more preferred products were fresh pineapple, pineapple pie, jelly, sweets, jam, chips, juice, nata de pina, candy, syrup, and stick. Belik District was chosen as the strategic location for agritourism based on pineapple. The pineapple-based factory was feasible for an establishment with investment cost of Rp12,287,857,290; working capital of Rp5,292,243,387; NPV of Rp18,506,493,138; IRR of 19.03%; PBP of 4.26 year; Net B/C of 2.51; and BEPof 41.47%. Keywords: agritourism, agroindustry, honey pineapple, rural development