Financial performance of commercial banks in the emerging markets

In the economic growth of a country, the banking sector plays a significant role (Alam, Rabbani, Tausif, & Abey, 2021). The overall objective of the study is to investigate the financial performance of commercial banks in emerging markets. The study tried to see the impact of governance, exchange rate volatility, trade openness, and internet access on the financial performance of commercial banks in Ethiopia during the years from 2014 to 2019. The study employed a random-effects model using balanced panel data. The result indicated that composite governance index, trade openness, and internet access have a positive and statistically significant effect on the financial performance of commercial banks as measured by their return on assets. However, the exchange rate volatility has a negative and statistically significant effect on the financial performance of commercial banks. On the other hand, the result of bank-specific variables considered in the study such as profit margin, asset utilization, net interest margin, overhead efficiency, and numbers of branches have a positive and statistically significant effect on the financial performance of commercial banks. Contrarily, the equity multiplier ratio has a negative and significant effect on the financial performance of commercial banks

Social Media and Press Freedom

As internet penetration rapidly expanded throughout the world, press freedom and government accountability improved in some countries but backslid in others. We propose a formal model that provides a mechanism that explains the observed divergent paths of countries. We argue that increased access to social media makes partial capture, where governments allow limited freedom of the press, an untenable strategy. By amplifying the influence of small traditional media outlets, higher internet access increases both the costs of capture and the risk that a critical mass of citizens will become informed and overturn the incumbent. Depending on the incentives to retain office, greater internet access thus either forces an incumbent to extend capture to small outlets, further undermining press freedom; or relieve pressure from others. We relate our findings to the cases of Turkey and Tunisia.

ANALYSIS ON ALTERNATE UNIVERSE POPULARITY'S EFFECT ON DIGITAL-ERA SOCIETY'S READING HABIT IN PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

In the current digital era, internet access became easier moreover with the new 5G technology. Some parts of the society, namely the Millenials and Gen-Z, have been exposed to the said technology since they were in school. Creative ideas poured intensively by them as a result of said technology; one of them being in literature, i.e. popular literature. Everyone is able to become a writer or just to read someone else's work. To complement, internet can also be used as a realization of our imagination. The chance is then exploited by fans of some fandom who want to realize their creativity in form of fictional works to create satisfaction and joy both for writers and readers. Considering that, fanfiction emerges and receives attention because of its uniqueness. Previous researches on fanfiction have shown how fanfiction became exist in society. For that reason ,we are interested to study whether there is a relation between the popularity of fanfiction with society's reading habit. Moreover, we try to discover factors that influence this habit. We found that the popularity indeed has a relation with reading habit, eventhough not entirely influences it. Furthermore, we also compare fanfiction's popularity with other types of literature to measure how popular fanfiction is in the society.

ANALYSIS ON ALTERNATE UNIVERSE POPULARITY'S EFFECT ON DIGITAL-ERA SOCIETY'S READING HABIT IN PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

In the current digital era, internet access became easier moreover with the new 5G technology. Some parts of the society, namely the Millenials and Gen-Z, have been exposed to the said technology since they were in school. Creative ideas poured intensively by them as a result of said technology; one of them being in literature, i.e. popular literature. Everyone is able to become a writer or just to read someone else's work. To complement, internet can also be used as a realization of our imagination. The chance is then exploited by fans of some fandom who want to realize their creativity in form of fictional works to create satisfaction and joy both for writers and readers. Considering that, fanfiction emerges and receives attention because of its uniqueness. Previous researches on fanfiction have shown how fanfiction became exist in society. For that reason ,we are interested to study whether there is a relation between the popularity of fanfiction with society's reading habit. Moreover, we try to discover factors that influence this habit. We found that the popularity indeed has a relation with reading habit, eventhough not entirely influences it. Furthermore, we also compare fanfiction's popularity with other types of literature to measure how popular fanfiction is in the society.

Optimization of the Use of Information Technology in Learning Administration at SDN Hurip Jaya 03

Information Technology have to be an enabler of every activity. With the information technology, the effectiveness and efficiency of work shoultd be increase. The obstacles faced, with the existence of information technology, can be an alternative solution. SDN Hurip Jaya 03 Babelan is a school located on the north coast of Bekasi Regency. This school has a challenge where cable internet access from Provider has not yet entered so that educators and education staff, students use independent resources for internet access. Administrative and learning activities already use computers but have not utilized cloud applications such as google forms, google classroom, and shorter url applications for learning e-learning. The educators and education staff are also still working with computers in typing so that their work is less effective. The solution we provide is to share knowledge, knowledge, experience and resources in providing solutions to existing problems. The activities that have been carried out are providing wifi modem and usb wifi resources for internet access, training in fast typing the 10 finger method, using google forms and google classroom for administration and learning, as well as the bit.ly application for naming links to make reading easier. We hope that if the material presented can be trained and applied seriously, it will certainly be useful in supporting administrative and learning activities.

Battery Efficiency in Outdoor Sports Environments for Mobile Pervasive Augmented Reality Systems

This work analyses energy expenditure in outdoor sport environments with augmented reality technology. Battery efficiency is becoming a relevant topic in the context of the varied outdoor end-user services, among other realms. It is a key to the acceptance and use of mobile technology. In outdoor environments, battery efficiency can be low, especially when information based on close-to-real-time requires internet access and the use of sensors. Such requirement is today evident with the growth of internet dependence and multiple sensors, which perform both actively and passively via fitness gadgets, smartphones, pervasive systems, and other personal mobile gadgets. In this context, it is relevant to understand how energy is spent with the accelerometer, global position system, and internet access (Wi-Fi or mobile data) providing smart data for outdoor sports activities. Through a prototype, an analysis is made based on the current battery autonomy, and an algorithm model for better battery efficiency is proposed.

Perceptual Difference Between Teens and Their Parents About Internet Usage

This chapter is designed to interpret and understand the difference between parents and their children with reference to their usage of internet and its influence in their daily lives. Teenagers between the age of 13 and 16 are the most vulnerable and most prone to cyber bullying and other crimes. Children's effective use of internet relies heavily on the factors surrounding them that not only includes their parents but also their peer and school and neighbourhood. Parents believe that depriving their children of internet access or tools can stop them from accessing the web or restrict their skills and learning about social media. They do not believe that internet use affects family relations negatively. The chapter presents a study undertaken of parents and their children. This presents differences in perception and understanding of internet usage.

An Overview of FinTech in Bangladesh

How the future financial industry is going to be reshaped by technological innovations is now a concern. Financial technology (FinTech), a much-discussed topic around the globe, is changing the overall financial system. The trend is not an exception in developing countries like Bangladesh. In this chapter, the authors aim to explore the current state of FinTech in Bangladesh in light with the possible challenges for growth, opportunities, and future prospects. The growth of FinTech helps a large percentage of people to become banked or has given possible access to formal finance. For having access to finance, high rate of mobile phone penetration, smooth mobile internet access, and high cost of access to formal finance are some factors that have enhanced FinTech penetration in Bangladesh for the past few years. In line with the given prospects, there are problems too. Therefore, using an in-depth study, this research addresses those issues, provides recommendations, and looks for possible solutions for the smooth operation of FinTech in Bangladesh.

Determinants of Fiscal Transparency and Right to Information Reforms: A Study of Provincial Governments in Argentina

Using a novel dataset and conducting a multiple linear regression analysis, this study aims to answer the following research question: What explains the variation in the level of provincial government transparency in Argentina? This article examines two policy areas—fiscal transparency and right to information (RTI)—and tests five hypotheses related to democracy (electoral competition and turnover), government digital capacity, citizens’ internet access, and press visibility. Fiscal transparency is positively associated with electoral competition and population size; RTI law strength appears to be positively associated with gubernatorial turnover and development. However, government digital capacity, citizens’ internet access and press visibility do not appear to significantly influence transparency levels.