Replacing Fishmeal With Palm Kernel Meal In Formulated Feed For The Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei)

Utilisation of plant proteins to replace fish meal in shrimp feeds has become an important consideration because fish meal is becoming more expensive due to increasing demand worldwide. The potential use of palm kernel meal (PKM) in this study to substitute fish meal in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets was evaluated by conducting a 90-day feeding trial. Shrimp juveniles with an initial average weight of 0.5 g, protein content of 10.74±0.70% were randomly distributed into five treatments in triplicates. Four isonitrogenous (approximately 35% protein) diets were formulated to contain 0% (D0), 25% (D25), 50% (D50) and 75% (D75) of PKM replacement and a commercial feed served as control treatment (Control). Results from this study revealed that shrimps fed D25 were comparable with those fed with Control as there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) between the groups. However, PKM inclusions above 50% showed detrimental effects on the growth performance. The highest total protein percent was observed in shrimp tissues fed with D25 (67.59±0.87%) and D75 showed the lowest protein among the treatments (57.4±0.63%) (p<0.05). Total lipid content was observed high in shrimps fed with Control (4.33±2.96%) and decreased with PKM replacement levels. The highest carbohydrate was found in shrimps fed with D75 (16.75±0.04%) and the lowest was found in shrimps fed with D25 (14.67±0.07%). When PKM is utilised to replace FM, a limit of 25% level should be recommended.

New Recorded of Saltwater Crocodile Crocodylus porosus Schneider, 1801 from East Coast Mangrove Ecosystem in Surabaya, East Jawa, Indonesia

A single specimen of saltwater crocodile Crocodylus porosus Schneider, 1801 (1.50 cm in length) was captured and photographed by a local fisherman by gill net at fishpond around mangrove ecosystem of east coast Surabaya on December 2020. The location where the estuarine crocodile caught is an important wetland area in Surabaya with an excellent mangrove cover. Wonorejo mangrove location is about 10 km from the centre of Surabaya, the second-largest city in Indonesia. This finding is considered as a first reported of C. porosus in Surabaya, and at the same time is proof of the importance of the mangrove area on the east coast of Surabaya as a habitat for wildlife that must be conserved appropriately. Routine monitoring of mangrove areas, including their wildlife, is essential so that they are not displaced by the development of the city which changes the land function to become a residential area.

Kajian Perilaku Masyarakat Pesisir yang Berdampak pada Perekonomian Masyarakat (Studi Kasus di Desa Jangkar, Kecamatan Jangkar, Kabupaten Situbondo)

Wilayah pesisir Desa Jangkar Kecamatan Jangkar merupakan daerah peralihan laut dan daratan. Pengembangan wilayah pesisir Desa Jangkar seringkali mendapatkan tekanan dari berbagai aktivitas manusia dan fenomena yang terjadi di darat maupun laut. Hal ini terilustrasi di Desa Jangkar Kecamatan Jangkar. Desa Jangkar memiliki keunikan letak geografis dibandingkan dengan pantai lainnya terutama dengan adanya pelabuhan yang menghubungkan jalur perairan ke pulau Madura dan tempat pelelangan ikan, serta warung kuliner yang murah sehingga menarik wisatawan untuk berkunjung. Kondisi ekonomi masyarakat yang ada di Desa Jangkar saat ini hampir tidak mengalami perubahan akibat perilaku masyarakat yang hanya menggantungkan hidupnya dari hasil laut saja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji perilaku masyarakat pesisir yang berdampak pada aspek sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan sosiologis, atau dalam penelitian administrasi publik biasa disebut normatif terapan/normatif empiris. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling dengan informan pemerintah dan kelompok nelayan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku masyarakat pesisir yang berpengaruh terhadap kondisi perekonomian. Hal ini juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor rendahnya tingkat pendidikan masyarakat tentang wilayah pesisir Desa Jangkar. Pemerintah hendaknya dapat bekerjasama dengan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di kampung nelayan Desa Jangkar agar berdampak positif terhadap perekonomian masyarakat di wilayah desa Jangkar.