Pesquisa de coliformes e Escherichia coli em água de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) comercializada por ambulantes em Fortaleza-CE

O objetivo do trabalho foi pesquisar Coliformes e Escherichia coli em águas de coco comercializadas por ambulantes na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. Para isso, foram adquiridas, na qualidade de consumidor, cinco amostras de água de coco comercializada por ambulantes em semáforos de avenidas movimentadas. As amostras foram levadas ao laboratório de análises de alimentos de um Centro Universitário para pesquisar a presença ou ausência de coliformes e Escherichia coli, empregando a metodologia descrita pelo Compendiun of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods da American Public Health Association (APHA, 2001). Observou-se que a qualidade microbiológica da água de coco em questão notificou irregularidades, mas com apenas uma amostra totalmente fora do padrão. Considerando os resultados, percebe-se a necessidade da aplicação de boas práticas de manipulação durante a extração, envase e armazenamento da água de coco comercializada por ambulantes para que assim haja mais segurança no consumo desse produto pela população.

The relevance of topical drugs endaural use in otosurgical practice

Introduction. Preoperative, in particular, antiseptic, preparation of the external auditory canal (EAC) is an important issue for the otosurgeon to take in mind, especially with endaural approach.The aim of the study is to assess the skin microbiota of the EAC and the effectiveness of antiseptic treatment before endaural intervention.Materials and methods. A prospective study including 19 patients who underwent ear surgery by endaural approach: 10 stapedoplasty; 9 tympanoplasty. Ear swabs culture were taken from all the patients preoperatively and after removing the tamponade. Of the 10 patients with otosclerosis, 5 underwent skin preparation with 10% povidone iodine and a swab culture.Results. According to the microbiological examination results, Staphulacoccus Auricularis prevailed in the first smear - 52.6%. In 5 patients with otosclerosis, in comparison to the 1st swab: one case with absence of microorganisms growth, in the other 4 -decrease in the degree of contamination by half. In the 3rd swab, there was no growth in these patients and in the rest, who didn't undergo antiseptic preparation. Patients, without antiseptic preparation of the ear canal, after tympanoplasty (9 patients) in the second smear, had an increase of contamination (from 105 to 106 CFU/ml).Conclusions. Analysis of the microbiome before and after the operation revealed the growth of predominantly (94.7%) opportunistic microorganisms. Preoperative antiseptic preparation reduces the degree of contamination of the skin, which, in our opinion, prevents complications and improves the healing process.

Placental acute inflammation infiltrates and pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective cohort study

Chorioamnionitis can be either an infection or a sterile inflammation. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of acute inflammatory lesions of the placenta, the association with a positive result of the microbiological examination, and the fetal-maternal outcomes. This retrospective study considered all single, consecutive pregnancies and their placental pathological examination during 2014–2017. The evidence of funisitis, chorionic vasculitis, and chorioamnionitis was assessed by a pathologist, including stage and grade. Moreover, maternal fever, placental microbiological examination, and neonatal outcomes were also recorded. Among the 5910 pregnancies in the considered period, 1770 had a placental pathological examination, and 358 (6.06%) had acute placental inflammation. Microbiological examination was performed in 125 cases, revealing 64 cases with a positive microbiological outcome. In the presence of acute placental inflammation, there was a higher rate of neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, and postnatal death of the newborn. Multivariate analysis inferred that acute inflammation of membranes was a risk factor for neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (OR 2.12; CI.95 1.36–3.31; p < 0.05), acute funisitis was a risk factor for admission to intensive neonatal care unit (OR 3.2; CI.95 1.67–6.12; p < 0.05), and chorionic vasculitis was a risk factor for postnatal death of the newborn (OR 5.38; CI.95 1.37–21.06; p < 0.05). The prevalence of chorioamnionitis was 6.06%, and about half of the cases were sterile inflammation. Chorioamnionitis was associated with higher rates of adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes; in particular, chorionic vasculitis was a risk factor for postnatal death.

Teknik Diagnostik Konvensional dan Lanjutan Untuk Pemeriksaan Mikrobiologi pada Infeksi Nosokomial di Indonesia

Introduction: Nosocomial infections are infections caused by microbial such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.that are acquired during the process of receiving health care. Diagnostic techniques for the examination of nosocomial infections play an important role in determining the accuracy of the infection of microorganisms causing infectious agents, so that the treatment given can be appropriate and minimize drug resistance. Purpose: This literature review is structured to provide an overview of diagnostic techniques fornosokomialinfection using conventional and advanced methods. Methods: The preparation of this review is based on the development of diagnostic techniques in the medical laboratory. Results: Conventional diagnostic techniques are generally carried out bymeans of culture on artificial media, macroscopic observations and biochemical tests. Further tests that can be applied are serological tests, antigen tests, and molecular tests such as PCR techniques. Conclusion: Conventional diagnostic techniques for microbiological examination of nosococomial infections require further tests to help establish a rapid and accurate diagnosis.

Skin lesions caused by Orthopoxvirus, cowpox - case report from Poland

Background:Despite the elimination of smallpox, other orthopoxviruses, including cowpox virus, still infect humans. Wild rodents are its natural reservoir. Infections in humans are commonly reported from contact with sick domestic cats, rarely directly from rats. Cow pox in humans is a rare zoonotic disease, the diagnosis of which is problematic due to its rarity and thus the lack of clinical experience.Case report:Presented with a summary of the available clinical data on a 15-year-old boy who became infected with cowpox by a domestic cat.The patient developed cutaneous macular changes in the facial area. Within 3 weeks of the onset of symptoms, the lesions progressed through the papular, vesicular and pustular stages before forming a hard black eschars (2 cm in diameter) with erythema and edema and regional lifadenopathy. Differential diagnosis consisting of cat scratch disease, anthrax and brucellosis excluded microbiological examination. The lesions left scars after 8 weeks of continuous topical antiseptic treatment.Conclusions:The clinical course may be complicated, and the improvement takes 4 to 8 weeks. Infection which entered through the skin changes was the cause of antibiotic therapy. Cowpox should be suspected in patients with poorly healing skin lesions accompanied by a painful black eschars with erythema and local lymphadenopathy.

Analysis of microflora in dentinal tubule by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis

This study was performed to apply denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to microbiological examination of endodontic infections. The method was used to assess the bacterial communities in dentinal tubules. Samples were collected using #15, #35, and #60 K-type files from five infected root canals during treatment. Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) was extracted from the samples, and 16S ribosomal DNA was amplified by PCR using universal primers. The polymerase chain reaction(PCR) products were separated in the denaturing gel and band patterns were compared between the deep (#60 file) and superficial layers (#15 file) of the dentin. The major bands were then excised and DNA fragments in the gel were cloned and sequenced. The sequence data were subjected to BLAST search in the GenBank database for determination of bacterial species or closest relatives. In three root canals, similar band patterns were observed in both superficial and deep layers of the dentin, while several specific bands remained in the deep layer in two roots. The bacteria isolated from the deep layers were Porphyromonas gingivalis, Olsenella profuse, Atopobium rimae, and Prevotella, Flexistipes, Firmicutes, Peptostreptococcus, Dialister, and Eubacterium spp. Unlike previous studies, gram-negative anaerobic rods were isolated from the deep layers. Clone library analysis was simultaneously performed and similar results were obtained. The method utilized here will be useful for microbiological examination of endodontic infections. In addition, although it is still unknown whether they were viable, this study demonstrated the presence of gram-negative rods in dentinal tubules.