Different intensities of glycaemic control for women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Diabetes is one of the most common medical complications in pregnancy: 0.4 to 2% of all births are complicated by pregestational diabetes; about 3% of pregnancies are complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus, with substantially more in some populations. Preconceptional evaluation—this should include evaluation of glycaemic control, blood pressure, retinal disease, renal status, thyroid function, peripheral and autonomic neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and hypoglyacemic symptoms....

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Combination of a structured aerobic and resistance exercise improves glycaemic control in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. A randomised controlled trial

Women and Birth ◽

10.1016/j.wombi.2017.10.004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. e232-e238 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Iva Sklempe Kokic ◽

Marina Ivanisevic ◽

Gianni Biolo ◽

Bostjan Simunic ◽

Tomislav Kokic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomised Controlled

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Glycaemic Variability and Risk Factors of Pregnant Women with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Measured by Continuous Glucose Monitoring

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073402 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3402

Author(s):

Martina Gáborová ◽

Viera Doničová ◽

Ivana Bačová ◽

Mária Pallayová ◽

Martin Bona ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽

Glucose Monitoring ◽

Target Range ◽

Glycaemic Variability

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-determined glycaemic variability (GV) of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and without GDM (CG; control group). The secondary aim was to evaluate the association between risk factors of diabetes in pregnancy and parameters of glyceamic control. Methods: Demographic, biometric and biochemical parameters were obtained for pregnant women (20–38 years old) who after an oral glucose tolerance test were examined by 7-day continuous glucose monitoring using a iPro®2 Professional CGM. Results: The differences in GV between women with GDM and CG compared by total area under glucose curve (total AUC, (mmol·day/L) was statistically significant (p = 0.006). Other parameters of glycaemic control such as mean glucose, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, J-index, % time-above target range 7.8 mmol/L (%TAR), % time-in range 3.5–7.8 mmol/L (%TIR), time-below target range 3.5 mmol/L (%TBR), glycated haemoglobin were not significantly different in the study groups. Risk factors (a family history of diabetes, pre-pregnancy BMI, higher weight gain and age) correlated with parameters of glycaemic control. Conclusions: We found a significant difference in GV of women with and without GDM by total AUC determined from CGM. TIR metrics were close to significance. Our work points at an increased GV in relation to the risk factors of GDM. Pregnant women with risk factors have higher probability of severe GV with its consequences on maternal and fetal health state.

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Effect of exercise on glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A review

Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.25259/ijpp_110_2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 102-108

Author(s):

Mona Hmoud AlSheikh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Health ◽

Exercise During Pregnancy

The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing and is known for its adverse effects on maternal and neonatal health. Physical exercise during pregnancy has been demonstrated to be useful for women without diabetes. However, it is unclear whether exercise can improve glycaemic control, and thereby prevents the unwanted effects of GDM. This review examines the evidence from recent literature, in which various exercise interventions were used to improve glycaemic control and the pregnancy outcomes of women with GDM. For this purpose, literature was searched through Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, and relevant studies published between 2009 and 2019 were retrieved. In total, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The findings collated consistently suggest that exercise in women with GDM is not only safe but also is strongly recommended, providing there are no other complications. Exercise for 15–30 min in low to moderate intensity improves glycaemic control and reduces maternal or neonatal complications. However, despite its reported benefits, it is advisable to perform exercises under supervision. In addition, certain intense exercises should be avoided as they can create complications for the mother and/or the foetus.

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