Biodegradability and Compostability Aspects of Organic Electronic Materials and Devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 255-297
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Gouda ◽  
Manuel Reali ◽  
Alexandre Masson ◽  
Alexandra Zvezdin ◽  
Nia Byway ◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Di Mauro ◽  
Denis Rho ◽  
Clara Santato

AbstractUbiquitous use of electronic devices has led to an unprecedented increase in related waste as well as the worldwide depletion of reserves of key chemical elements required in their manufacturing. The use of biodegradable and abundant organic (carbon-based) electronic materials can contribute to alleviate the environmental impact of the electronic industry. The pigment eumelanin is a bio-sourced candidate for environmentally benign (green) organic electronics. The biodegradation of eumelanin extracted from cuttlefish ink is studied both at 25 °C (mesophilic conditions) and 58 °C (thermophilic conditions) following ASTM D5338 and comparatively evaluated with the biodegradation of two synthetic organic electronic materials, namely copper (II) phthalocyanine (Cu–Pc) and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). Eumelanin biodegradation reaches 4.1% (25 °C) in 97 days and 37% (58 °C) in 98 days, and residual material is found to be without phytotoxic effects. The two synthetic materials, Cu–Pc and PPS, do not biodegrade; Cu–Pc brings about the inhibition of microbial respiration in the compost. PPS appears to be potentially phytotoxic. Finally, some considerations regarding the biodegradation test as well as the disambiguation of “biodegradability” and “bioresorbability” are highlighted.


Langmuir ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1874-1881
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Horowitz ◽  
Xiaoyang Zhong ◽  
Samuel J. DePalma ◽  
Maria R. Ward Rashidi ◽  
Brendon M. Baker ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3061-3069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Kawahara ◽  
Peter Andersson Ersman ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Göran Gustafsson ◽  
Hjalmar Granberg ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenda Shi ◽  
Francesco Salerno ◽  
Alejandro Santana-Bonilla ◽  
Matthew Ward ◽  
Xueyan Hou ◽  
...  

<p>Solubilized fullerene derivatives have revolutionised the development of organic photovoltaic devices, acting as excellent electron acceptors. The addition of solubilizing addends to the fullerene cage results in a large number of isomers, which are generally employed as isomeric mixtures. Moreover, a significant number of these isomers are chiral, which further adds to the isomeric complexity. The opportunities presented by single isomer, and particularly single enantiomer, fullerenes in organic electronic materials and devices are poorly understood. Here we separate 10 pairs of enantiomers from the 19 structural isomers of bis[60]PCBM, using them to elucidate important chiroptical structure-property relationships and demonstrating their application to a single enantiomer circularly polarized (CP) light detecting device. We find that larger chiroptical responses occur through inherent chirality of the fullerene cage and particularly through transitions with low CT character. When used in a single enantiomer organic field-effect transistor device, we demonstrate the potential to discriminate CP light with a fast light response time and with a very high photocurrent dissymmetry factor (<i>g<sub>ph</sub></i> = ±1.35). Our study thus provides key strategies to design fullerenes with large chiroptical responses for use as single enantiomer components of organic electronic devices. We anticipate that our data will position chiral fullerenes as an exciting material class for the growing field of chiral electronic technologies.</p>


RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 12378-12383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daoliang Chen ◽  
Danlei Zhu ◽  
Gaobo Lin ◽  
Mingxu Du ◽  
Dandan Shi ◽  
...  

Fused conjugated molecules TTCTTC and TTTCTTTC with up to ten heterocycles were constructed by fusing fused-thiophene to the chromeno[6,5,4-def]chromene unit.


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