Sleeping above the enemy: Sleeping site choice by black-fronted titi monkeys (Callicebus nigrifrons
)

We studied the chromosomes of Callicebus nigrifrons with conventional and molecular cytogenetic methods. Our chromosome painting analysis in C. nigrifrons together with previous reports allowed us to hypothesize an ancestral Callicebinae karyotype with 2n = 48. The associations of human chromosomes (HSA) 2/22, 7/15, 10/11, and the inverted HSA2/16 would link Callicebus, Cheracebus, and Plecturocebus and would thus be present in the ancestral Callicebinae karyotype. Four fusions (HSA1b/1c, 3c/8b, 13/20, and 14/15/3/21) and 1 fission (HSA2/22) are synapomorphies of Callicebus. The associations HSA3/15 and HSA3/9 are chromosome features linking Callicebus and Cheracebus, whereas the association HSA13/17 would represent a link between Callicebus and the moloch group (Plecturocebus). Only 6 of the 33 recognized titi monkey species have now been painted with human chromosome-specific probes. Further analyses are needed to clarify the phylogenomic relationships in this species-rich group.

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Vocal behavior of black-fronted titi monkeys (Callicebus nigrifrons): Acoustic properties and behavioral contexts of loud calls

American Journal of Primatology ◽

10.1002/ajp.22270 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 76 (8) ◽

pp. 788-800 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Christini B. Caselli ◽

Daniel J. Mennill ◽

Júlio César Bicca-Marques ◽

Eleonore Z. F. Setz

Keyword(s):

Acoustic Properties ◽

Vocal Behavior ◽

Loud Calls ◽

Titi Monkeys ◽

Callicebus Nigrifrons

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Titi monkeys combine alarm calls to create probabilistic meaning

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.aav3991 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. eaav3991 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mélissa Berthet ◽

Geoffrey Mesbahi ◽

Aude Pajot ◽

Cristiane Cäsar ◽

Christof Neumann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Communication ◽

Language Evolution ◽

Alarm Call ◽

Alarm Calls ◽

Playback Experiments ◽

Multimodel Inference ◽

Titi Monkeys ◽

Callicebus Nigrifrons ◽

Available Information ◽

Free Ranging

Previous work suggested that titi monkeys Callicebus nigrifrons combine two alarm calls, the A- and B-calls, to communicate about predator type and location. To explore how listeners process these sequences, we recorded alarm call sequences of six free-ranging groups exposed to terrestrial and aerial predator models, placed on the ground or in the canopy, and used multimodel inference to assess the information encoded in the sequences. We then carried out playback experiments to identify the features used by listeners to react to the available information. Results indicated that information about predator type and location were encoded by the proportion of B-call pairs relative to all call pairs of the sequence (i.e., proportion of BB-grams). The results suggest that the meaning of the sequence is not conveyed in a categorical but probabilistic manner. We discuss the implications of these findings for current theories of animal communication and language evolution.

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Unraveling the scales of effect of landscape structure on primate species richness and density of titi monkeys ( Callicebus nigrifrons )

Ecological Research ◽

10.1111/1440-1703.1009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 150-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Carla C. Gestich ◽

Víctor Arroyo‐Rodríguez ◽

Milton C. Ribeiro ◽

Rogério G. T. da Cunha ◽

Eleonore Z. F. Setz

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Landscape Structure ◽

Primate Species ◽

Titi Monkeys ◽

Callicebus Nigrifrons

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Do wild titi monkeys show empathy?

Primate Biology ◽

10.5194/pb-1-23-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Clyvia ◽

M. C. Kaizer ◽

R. V. Santos ◽

R. J. Young ◽

C. Cäsar

Keyword(s):

Predation Risk ◽

Hind Limb ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Agonistic Behaviour ◽

Visual Contact ◽

Titi Monkeys ◽

Low Levels ◽

Callicebus Nigrifrons ◽

The Individual ◽

Group D

Abstract. We observed a putative case of empathy among wild black-fronted titi monkeys (Callicebus nigrifrons) from two different groups (D and R). In over 10 years of behavioural observations of five habituated groups of this species, only low levels of inter-group tolerance have been observed. However, on one day, we encountered the adult male from group D limping (poor hind limb motor coordination) as he travelled alone along the ground. Interestingly, we observed that members of group R did not express any agonistic behaviour towards this neighbouring male and apparently allowed this disabled individual to follow them in the forest for over 5 h. They stayed low in the forest (< 2 m above the ground) and < 10 m horizontally from the individual, and remained in visual contact with him. At the end of the day, this male from group D slept in the sleeping site of group R and was groomed by the adult female of group R. Such tolerance between members of different groups has never been previously observed in this species. Furthermore, group R exposed themselves to increased predation risk by staying close to the ground for protracted periods. The behaviour of group R could be interpreted by as a putative case of empathic responding in this species.

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