Organic Hallucinosis in Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke Caused by Thrombosis Process: A Case Report

Background/aim: Hallucinations are the special ability to experience phenomena that are not visible to normal individuals. Hallucinations, delusions, and confabulations are common symptoms between neurology and psychiatry. Nervous disease that manifests with hallucinatory symptoms like this is one of them due to right hemispheric stroke. The authors report cases of new-onset organic hallucinosis. and stroke in brain regions similar to the salience network (insular cortex, parietal cortex, and striatum). Case: A 43-year-old man comes to the ER Sanglah Hospital Denpasar, Bali Indonesia with complaints of slurred speech using an incomprehensible language, and repeating the same words. Talking about seeing a shadow following him but actually not there. Patients often experience sleep disorders, from the results of neurological physical examination found right eye ptosis, pupil anisokor, nerve III dextra complete lesion, supranuclear left NVII paresis, supranuclear left NXII paresis, left flaccid hemiparesis. Psychiatric status obtained unnatural appearance, looks confused, verbal and visual contact is sufficient, mood dysphoric, confused affect and there is no harmony. The thought process obtained realistic, coherent, preoccupation with pain. Perceptual disturbances in the form of visual and auditory hallucinations. Insomnia mixed type and there is hypobulia. Psychomotor calm on examination, history increases. Narcissistic personality traits and defense mechanisms of ego repression. Grade 4 view. CT scan of the head with and without contrast shows subacute ischemic cerebral infarction in the right internal capsule to the right thalamus and midbrain. Conclusion: Organic hallucinosis occur in non-hemorrhagic stroke caused by thrombosis process if an infarction is found in the right hemisphere. Keywords: organic hallucinations, ischemic cerebral infarction, non-hemorrhagic stroke, right hemisphere.

Millimeter-wave band subsurface sounding module

Radio-wave devices are used for many environmental and material research tasks. These devices and the development of relatively simple and affordable quasi-optic radio wave receivers and transmitters of millimeter and terahertz bands are important for numerous applications. Results of the design of a terahertz-band quasioptical transmitter-receiver module are presented. The module is intended for the remote detection of various objects and for measuring the depolarized field components backscattered by various long objects hidden behind obstacles (building materials and/or everyday items that prevent visual contact with the objects). These may be interfaces between materials with different dielectric constants, fiber optic cables, electric cables, and otherobjects. Results of full-scale experimental testing of the module on the detection of electric cables buried under plater in the wall of a building are presented.

The Interpersonal Meanings of Words and Images in Ads: An Intersemiotic Complementary View

This study aims to find out the interpersonal meaning and the intersemiotic complementary in public service advertisement of selected violence against children prevention campaign. Employing Royce’s intersemiotic complementary framework (2001), it analyzed how the visual and verbal signs work together to create common messages sent to the public as viewers/readers. Based on the analysis, it is found out that the five aspects of visual features --visual contact, social distance, involvement, power relation, and modality—have worked together to construct the interpersonal meaning. The close up shot showing the detail of the bruises on the nose emphasizing a high modality; it represents a high naturality. The boy in bruises looks directly at viewers’ eyes, demanding a help from them. The equal frame on the picture tells the readers that the boy can be part of every one’s life. It may happen in any place and the readers are asked to do take an action. In terms of verbal features, the declarative sentences are used to inform the facts. It is to highlite the clear message in the image, saying that such a violence may be taken by a mother who inherits the boy’s nose—the one who actually loves him very much, but the situation has changed her a lot. Through the way the producers organize the verbal text the readers may take their action to stop the child abuse. Both visual and verbal modes are contributes to convey interpersonal meaning. The intersemiotic complementary in the advertisement is realized interpersonally through the meanings projected in both modes through the reinforcement of address.

Comparative Analysis of Motorcyclists’ Gaze Behavior in Different Road Environments

While car drivers consist the vast majority of road users, motorcycle drivers are considered among the most vulnerable ones with significant participation in accidents. The present study investigates the role of elements that permanently exist in the road environment and affect motorcyclist’s behavior since their usefulness requires visual contact between them and the rider during a certain period of time. Therefore, on such an occasion the riders do not monitor the road ahead which is considered as a fundamental driving task and hence the visual search and scan is not directed to the frontal view. The main objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate certain aspects of motorcyclists’ behavior influenced by exterior factors, such as observation of vertical signage or advertisement signs, by using naturalistic data. Motorcyclist’s visual behavior is evaluated via a continuous recording of his gaze, which acts as the main indicator regarding the rider’s performance, with the use of special equipment under naturalistic riding conditions. The selection of a naturalistic method permits continuous data recording, producing real-time data. Thus, the results are reliable and valid to the maximum possible extent. This research is based on a medium-scale experimental procedure that took place in three different road sections in Western Greece. A number of 11 motorcyclists participated in the study. The present research may be used as a tool to improve road infrastructure and to identify attitudes that pose a risk to rider’s safety aiming to the creation of a safer road environment, which will lead to less fatal and serious accidents.

Online Meeting Challenges in a Research Group Resulting from COVID-19 Limitations

COVID-19 social distancing limitations have resulted in the utilization of hybrid online formats focused on visual contact among learners and teachers. The preferred option has been Zoom. The focus of one voluntary, democratic, self-reflective university research group—grounded in responses to writing prompts—differed. Demanding a safe space for self-reflection and creative questioning of other participants, the private Facebook group was chosen over video conferencing to concentrate on group members’ written responses rather than on visual contact. A narrative research model initiated in 2015, the 2020/21 interaction of the group in the year’s worth of Facebook entries, and the yearend feedback received from group participants, will be compared with previous years when the weekly group met in person. The aim is to determine the appropriateness of the online platform chosen compared with when the group met in person, pre-COVID-19, and suggest changes to improve future online group meetings. The results in relation to COVID-19 limitations indicate that an important aspect of self-directed learning related to trust arising from team mindfulness is lost when face-to-face interaction is eliminated with respect to the democratic nature of these meetings. With online meetings the new standard, maintaining trust requires improvements to online virtual meeting spaces.

Online Meeting Challenges in a Research Group Resulting from COVID-19 Limitations

The online learning necessitated by COVID-19 social distancing limitations has resulted in the utilization of hybrid online formats focused on maintaining visual contact among learners and teachers. The preferred option of video conferencing for academic meetings has become that of Zoom. The needs of one voluntary, democratic, self-reflective university research group—grounded in responses to writing prompts—differed in learning focus. Demanding a safe space to encourage and record both self-reflection and creative questioning of other participants, the private Facebook group was chosen over video conferencing to maintain the concentration on group members’ written responses rather than how they saw themselves (and thought others saw them) on screen. A narrative research model initiated in 2015, the 2020/21 interaction of the group in the year’s worth of Facebook entries, and the yearend feedback received from group participants, will be compared with previous years when the weekly group met in-person. The results in relation to COVID-19 limitations indicate that an important aspect of self-directed learning related to trust that comes from team mindfulness is lost when face-to-face interaction is eliminated regarding the democratic nature of these meetings. With online meetings the new standard, maintaining trust requires improvements to online virtual meeting spaces.

Online Meeting Challenges in a Research Group Resulting from COVID-19 Limitations

The online learning necessitated by COVID-19 social distancing limitations has resulted in the utilization of hybrid online formats focused on maintaining visual contact among learners and teachers. The preferred option of video conferencing for academic meetings has become that of Zoom. The needs of one voluntary, democratic, self-reflective university research group—grounded in responses to writing prompts—differed in learning focus. Demanding a safe space to encourage and record both self-reflection and creative questioning of other participants, the private Facebook group was chosen over video conferencing to maintain the concentration on group members’ written responses rather than how they saw themselves (and thought others saw them) on screen. A narrative research model initiated in 2015, the 2020/21 interaction of the group in the year’s worth of Facebook entries, and the yearend feedback received from group participants, will be compared with previous years when the weekly group met in-person. The results in relation to COVID-19 limitations indicate that an important aspect of self-directed learning related to trust that comes from team mindfulness is lost when face-to-face interaction is eliminated regarding the democratic nature of these meetings. With online meetings the new standard, maintaining trust requires improvements to online virtual meeting spaces.

Visual communication in social play of a hierarchical carnivore species: The case of wild spotted hyenas

Communication relies on signals that can be produced via different sensory modalities to modify receivers’ behaviour. During social interactions, the possibility to perceive subtle visual cues enhances the use of facial expressions to exchange information. One of the most appropriate fields to explore the specific design features of visual signals is play fighting. Here, we explored the production and potential role of Relaxed Open Mouth (ROM) and Head Bobbing (HB) in regulating play fighting of wild spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta, a highly hierarchical carnivore species. In accordance with the assumptions of the signal optimization theory, wild hyenas produced ROM and HB almost exclusively when the sender was in direct visual contact with the receiver thus suggesting that senders were attentive to the playmates’ face. Contrary to HB, the sequential analysis revealed that ROM often anticipated offensive patterns such as play biting thus supporting the hypothesis that ROM, but not HB, is a metacomunicative signal. Moreover, when the offensive patterns were biased towards one of the two players, the session was punctuated by a higher number of ROMs. Our findings support the general hypothesis that these two visual signals can play different roles in the management of play fighting in this carnivore species. The complementary use of ROM and HB would suggest that spotted hyenas are highly competent and fast in processing facial displays of different nature to correctly “read others’ intentions” and respond with appropriate motor actions to avoid misunderstanding during one of the most multifaceted and risky social interaction.

Contributions to a Discussion of Spinosaurus aegyptiacus as a Capable Swimmer and Deep-Water Predator

The new findings on Spinosaurus’ swim tail strongly suggest that Spinosaurus was a specialized deep-water predator. However, the tail must be seen in the context of the propelled body. The comparison of the flow characteristics of Spinosaurus with geometrically similar animals and their swimming abilities under water must take their Reynolds numbers into account and provide a common context for the properties of Spinosaurus’ tail and dorsal sail. Head shape adaptations such as the head crest reduced hydrodynamic disturbance and facilitated stealthy advance, especially when hunting without visual contact, when Spinosaurus could have used its rostral integumentary mechanoreceptors for prey detection. The muscular neck permitted ‘pivot’ feeding, where the prey’s escape abilities were overcome by rapid dorsoventral head movement, facilitated by crest-mediated lower friction.

Communication through Movement Codes and Tactile Stimuli for Persons with Deafblindness

Deafblindness is the condition in which a person has little or no useful hearing and vision. The dysfunction in both senses can occur in different ways and degrees for each person. These differences impose specific barriers and strategies for the rehabilitation of this public, regarding protocols and assistive devices. Most of the technologies and procedures are geared towards a better adaptation of communication. Inspired by sign languages and Braille, we propose the construction of a device capable of transducing specific hand movements of an individual (emitter), into specific vibration patterns on the body of another individual (receiver). Through this device it is possible to adjust different stimulation parameters, based on the modulation of amplitude, frequency of vibration and temporal sequence of pulses, making possible enabling a sensory refinement of wrist and finger's movements, in order to have an improvement associated with the alphabet intended to be represented. This prototype allows communication through crossing-modalities (movement and touch) without the need of visual contact or auditory perception, enabling a future application for deaf-blind people.