ChemInform Abstract: Solid Catalysts and Their Application in Biodiesel Production

ChemInform ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (49) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Ramli Mat ◽  
Rubyatul A. Samsudin ◽  
Mahadhir Mohamed ◽  
Anwar Johari
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Solid Catalysts

scholarly journals Application of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production from Microalgal Oil—A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Mohammed O. Faruque ◽  
Shaikh A. Razzak ◽  
Mohammad M. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Homogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Microalgal Oil ◽  
Solid Catalysts

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves and increased environmental concerns related to fossil fuel production and combustion has forced the global communities to search for renewable fuels. In this regard, microalgae-based biodiesel has been considered as one of the interesting alternatives. Biodiesel production from the cultivation of microalgae is eco-friendly and sustainable. Moreover, microalgae have several advantages over other bioenergy sources, including their good photosynthetic capacity and faster growth rates. The productivity of microalgae per unit land area is also significantly higher than that of terrestrial plants. The produced microalgae biomass is rich with high quality lipids, which can be converted into biodiesel by transesterification reactions. Generally, the transesterification reactions are carried out in the presence of a homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst. The homogeneous catalysts have many disadvantages, including their single use, slow reaction rate and saponification issues due to the presence of fatty acids in the feedstock. The acidic nature of the homogeneous catalysts also causes equipment corrosion. On the other hand, the heterogeneous catalysts offer several advantages, including their reusability, higher reaction rate and selectivity, easy product/catalyst separation and low cost. Due to these facts, the development of solid phase transesterification catalysts have been receiving growing interest. The present review is focused on the use of heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from microalgal oil as a reliable feedstock with a comparison to other available feedstocks. It also highlights optimal reaction conditions for maximum biodiesel yields, reusability of the solid catalysts, cost, and environmental impact. The superior lipid content of microalgae and the efficient concurrent esterification and transesterification of the solid acid−base catalysts can offer new advancements in biodiesel production.

Biodiesel Production Using Mixed Solid Catalysts

2013 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
A.K. Temu
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Continuous Processes ◽  
Solid Catalysts ◽  
Base Catalysts ◽  
Astm D6751

One of the disadvantages of homogeneous base catalysts in biodiesel production is that they cannot be reused or regenerated because they are consumed in the reaction. Besides, homogeneous catalysed process is not environmentally friendly because a lot of waste water is produced in the separation step. Unlike homogeneous, heterogeneous catalysts are environmentally benign, can be reused and regenerated, and could be operated in continuous processes, thus providing a promising option for biodiesel production. This paper presents catalytic activity of single and mixed solid catalysts in production of biodiesel from palm oil using methanol as well as ethanol at atmospheric pressure. The catalysts used are CaO, K2CO3, Al2O3, and CaO/K2CO3, CaO/Al2O3, K2CO3/Al2O3 mixtures. Results show that methanol is a better reactant with biodiesel yield ranging from 48 to 96.5% while ethanol gives yields ranging from 20 to 95.2%. The yield data for single catalysts range from 20 to 89.2% while that for mixed catalysts range from 52 to 96.5% indicating improvement in the activity by mixing the catalysts. The study also shows that biodiesel yield increases with catalyst loading which emphasizes the need for sufficient number of active sites. The properties of biodiesel produced compares well with ASTM D6751 and EN 14124 biodiesel standards.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Waste Frying Oils by Potassium Methoxide Supported on Activated Carbon Catalysts from Lignocellulosic Biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Darwin ◽  
Atmadian Pratama ◽  
Mardhotillah
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste Frying Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Properties ◽  
Potassium Methoxide ◽  
Solid Catalysts ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Engine Life

Abstract Various carbon-rich solid catalysts are evaluated for the synthesis of biodiesel from waste frying oil. The study results showed that the use of activated carbon made of corn stalk could increase the biodiesel yield by 7%. The heterogeneous carbon-based catalysts made of lignocellulosic residues could successfully improve the quality of biodiesel properties. The results obtained revealed that the biodiesel properties, including relative density (852–900 kg·m−3) and kinematic viscosity (2.4–3.9 mm2·s−1), are in compliance with the standard limits of ASTM and the European Biodiesel Standard, suggesting that the biodiesel produced would be decent as a diesel fuel that potentially can minimize the serious damage of engine parts, and prolong the engine life.

One-Step Preparation of Efficient and Reusable SO42−/ZrO2-Based Hybrid Solid Catalysts Functionalized by Alkyl-Bridged Organosilica Moieties for Biodiesel Production

ChemSusChem ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 744-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Fengyan Ma ◽  
Fang Su ◽  
Ling Ma ◽  
Shengqu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Solid Catalysts ◽  
One Step

Advances in Theoretical Studies on Solid Catalysts for Renewable Energy Production

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Rafael Añez ◽  
Anibal Sierraalta
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Cluster Model ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Model Approximation ◽  
Solid Catalysts ◽  
Renewable Energy Production

This chapter presents a brief review of the recent applications of the quantum chemical calculations in the catalysis for renewable energy production. In this, an introductory vision about the use of ab initio calculations in the field of the renewable energies is presented. It is worth mentioning that the quantum chemistry field is an extensive area with many methodologies and theoretical approaches; therefore, to shed some light on the application of this area on the catalysis for renewable energy production, the chapter is divide into two sections according to the employed theoretical approximation, that is, the cluster model approach and the periodic approach. The first section describes the cluster model approximation, followed by a discussion of recent works in hydrogen storage, biodiesel and methanol conversion fields, and the second section describes the basic principles of the periodic approximation, basis set used in this approximation, and illustrative examples in the catalysts for biodiesel production; reforming of methane and hydrogen storage are presented at the end of this section.

scholarly journals Analysis of recycled poly (styrene-co-butadiene) sulfonation: a new approach in solid catalysts for biodiesel production

SpringerPlus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrén Aguilar-Garnica ◽  
Mario Paredes-Casillas ◽  
Tito E Herrera-Larrasilla ◽  
Felicia Rodríguez-Palomera ◽  
Daniel E Ramírez-Arreola
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Solid Catalysts
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