PCR‐based detection of the epibiotic fungus Atkinsonella hypoxylon associated with its host grass Danthonia spicata

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1660-1665
Author(s):  
Scott E. Warnke
Keyword(s):  
Atkinsonella Hypoxylon ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

Transmission of Atkinsonella hypoxylon (Clavicipitaceae) by cleistogamous seed of Danthonia spicata (Gramineae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2893-2895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Clay ◽  
J. P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Chasmogamous Flowers ◽  
Atkinsonella Hypoxylon ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

Atkinsonella hypoxylon is a systemic parasite of the grasses Danthonia spicata, D. compressa, and Stipa leucotricha. The means by which this fungus and other Balansiae (Balansia, Balansiopsis, Epichloë, and Myriogenospora) are transmitted from one plant to another is poorly understood. Host grasses of A. hypoxylon normally produce spikelets of open, wind-pollinated chasmogamous flowers at the apex of the flowering culm and spikelets of self-pollinated cleistogamous flowers in the lower leaf sheaths of the same culm. Plants of D. spicata infected by A. hypoxylon regularly produce cleistogamous spikelets in the lowermost leaf sheaths, although chasmogamous spikelets are aborted by hypothallus development. Embryos of the seeds resulting from these flowers were surrounded by hyphae. The seeds were germinated and when the plants flowered, they produced deformed flowering culms and hypothalli, indicating that A. hypoxylon is transmitted from parent to offspring through cleistogamous seed.

scholarly journals Danthonia Spicata (Poaceae) and Atkinsonella Hypoxylon (Balansiae): environmental dependence of a symbiosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa K. McCormick ◽  
Katherine L. Gross ◽  
Robin A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Atkinsonella Hypoxylon ◽  
Environmental Dependence ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

scholarly journals Poecilus lucublandus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and Pterostichus mutus Do Not Feed on Hair Fescue, Red Sorrel, and Poverty Oatgrass Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre M M C Loureiro ◽  
G Christopher Cutler ◽  
Vilis O Nams ◽  
Scott N White
Keyword(s):  
Seed Predation ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Rumex Acetosella ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Poecilus Lucublandus ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

Abstract Poecilus lucublandus (Say), Pterostichus mutus (Say), and Harpalus rufipes (De Geer) are abundant Carabidae in lowbush blueberry fields and may contribute to weed seed predation. We used laboratory no-choice test experiments to determine if these beetles feed on seeds of hair fescue (Festuca filiformis Pourr., Poales: Poaceae), poverty oatgrass (Danthonia spicata L.), and red sorrel (Rumex acetosella L., Caryophyllales: Polygonaceae), which are common weeds in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait., Ericales: Ericaceae) fields. Poecilus lucublandus and P. mutus did not feed on seeds of the test weed species, but H. rufipes consumed on average over 30 seeds of each species. There are other weed seeds in blueberry fields that could be palatable to P. lucublandus and P. mutus, which warrants further research on the granivory potential of these important carabid species.

scholarly journals Genome organization of a partitivirus from the filamentous ascomycete Atkinsonella hypoxylon

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1461-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-S. Oh ◽  
B. I. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Genome Organization ◽  
Filamentous Ascomycete ◽  
Atkinsonella Hypoxylon

Additions and Range Extensions to the Vascular Plant Flora of the Continental Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Canada, II

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 448 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Cody ◽  
Kenneth L. Reading ◽  
Jennifer M. Line
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
National Park ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Field Reconnaissance ◽  
Crepis Tectorum ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

Based on field reconnaissance since the publication of Flora of the Continental Northwest Territories in 1980, particularly in the District of Keewatin and northeastern District of Mackenzie (Nunavut) and Nahanni National Park, information is provided on geographically significant plant occurrences. One new taxon, Polemonium boreale forma albiflorum, is described, fourteen native taxa are reported as new to the region: Carex hoodii, C. microptera, C. petasata, Corispermum hookeri, C. ochotense, Danthonia spicata, Draba stenoloba, Erysisnum coarctatum, Halenia deflexa, Polygonum fowleri, P. ramosissimum, Salix rotundifolia ssp. rotundifolia, Silene uralensis ssp. ogilviensis, and Vaccinium ovalifolium. Five introduced taxa, Crepis tectorum, Corispermum villosum, Deschampsia elongata, D. incisa var. incisa, and Medicago sativa ssp. falcata are new to the flora of the region. Two native taxa, Danthonia intermedia and Potentilla porsildiorum are deleted from the flora and Ranunculus aquatilis var hispidulus is placed in synonymy. Significant range extensions for 125 native and one introduced taxon are included.

A genetic analysis of the photosynthetic properties of populations of Danthonia spicata that have different growth responses to light level

Oecologia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Scheiner ◽  
Jessica Gurevitch ◽  
James A. Teeri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

Phenotypic flexibility and genetic adaptation along a gradient of secondary forest succession in the grass Danthonia spicata

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Scheiner ◽  
James A. Teeri
Keyword(s):  
Forest Succession ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Moisture Gradient ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Genetic Adaptation ◽  
Phenotypic Flexibility ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

Populations of Danthonia spicata were studied from sites of ages 0, 26, 32, 44, and 69 years after fire in the aspen–pine forests of northern lower Michigan. Along this gradient the environment changes from unshaded and dry to a shaded, moist pine and hardwood forest. Greenhouse treatments and transplant gardens were used to investigate the extent to which phenotypic flexibility and genetic adaptation were responsible for the persistence of D. spicata across this light and soil moisture gradient. With regard to phenotypic flexibility, we found that individual plants of D. spicata can grow and reproduce in light levels lower than those found at any site in the field. The populations were genetically distinct from each other but the differences were small relative to the range of phenotypic flexibility. Some populations and individuals performed better under high light conditions and all individuals performed equally poorly under low light conditions. A multivariate analysis suggests that genetic drift may have been more important than selection in differentiating the populations. Phenotypic flexibility was shown to be more important than genetic adaptation in explaining the persistence of D. spicata along the successional gradient.

Isozyme variation in the fungus Atkinsonella hypoxylon within and among populations of its host grasses

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2600-2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Leuchtmann ◽  
Keith Clay
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Multilocus Genotype ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Multilocus Genotypes ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Atkinsonella Hypoxylon

Isozyme variation of 291 isolates of Atkinsonella hypoxylon (Clavicipitaceae, tribe Balansieae) from 24 populations of its four known host grasses (Danthonia compressa, Danthonia sericea, Danthonia spicata, and Stipa leucotricha) was examined using starch gel electrophoresis. In total, there were 20 distinct multilocus genotypes. Eleven out of 13 enzyme loci (84.6%) exhibited more than one allele (mean 2.8) per locus. Nei's total gene diversity (HT) within all isolates was 0.229. Between isolate samples from S. leucotricha and the three Danthonia hosts, Nei's genetic identity (I) ranged from 0.21 to 0.31 and among isolate samples from the three Danthonia species I ranged from 0.65 to 0.88, with isolates from D. spicata and D. compressa being most similar. Variation of A. hypoxylon occurred both within and among populations of D. spicata and D. compressa, where up to 53 isolates were sampled per host population. In contrast, all 20 isolates from S. leucotricha were identical, as were all 6 from D. sericea. A few isolates from D. spicata exhibited the same, unusual multilocus genotype with unique alleles at six different loci. The occurrence of several multilocus genotypes in isolates from the same ascostroma and the 1:1 segregation of genotypes among ascospores from a single ascus indicated gene exchange among sexually reproducing individuals, consistent with a heterothallic mating system for A. hypoxylon.

The Chemical Composition of Andropogon Virginicus and Danthonia Spicata at Successive Growth Stages 1

1929 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-567
Author(s):  
R. B. Dustman ◽  
L. C. Shriver
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Andropogon Virginicus ◽  
Danthonia Spicata

An Epiphytic/Endophytic Fungal Associate of Danthonia spicata Transmitted through the Embryo Sac

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melva N. Philipson ◽  
Mary C. Christey
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Fungal Associate ◽  
Danthonia Spicata
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