scholarly journals Pathogenesis of autoimmune demyelination: from multiple sclerosis to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A Lopez ◽  
Martina Denkova ◽  
Sudarshini Ramanathan ◽  
Russell C Dale ◽  
Fabienne Brilot
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autoimmune Demyelination

The clinical spectrum associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (anti-MOG-Ab) in Thai patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 964-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasitorn Siritho ◽  
Douglas K Sato ◽  
Kimihiko Kaneko ◽  
Kazuo Fujihara ◽  
Naraporn Prayoonwiwat
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Visual Recovery ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) antibody was reported in anti-aquaporin-4 (anti-AQP4) seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) patients. Objectives: To describe clinical phenotypes associated with anti-MOG. Methods: Seventy consecutive Thai patients with inflammatory idiopathic demyelinating central nervous system disorders (IIDCD) who were previously anti-AQP4 seronegative were tested for anti-MOG. Results: Anti-MOG was positive in six patients, representing 20.7% of the IIDCD anti-AQP4 seronegative patients with a non-multiple sclerosis phenotype, and most had relapses. All first presented with optic neuritis with good visual recovery after treatment. Conclusions: Anti-MOG positive patients may have manifestations that mimic NMOSD but differ in their course and prognosis from anti-AQP4 positive NMOSD.

scholarly journals Spinal cord involvement in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ciccarelli ◽  
Jeffrey A Cohen ◽  
Stephen C Reingold ◽  
Brian G Weinshenker ◽  
Maria Pia Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Spinal Cord Involvement ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Anti-CD20 therapies decrease humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2021-326904
Author(s):  
Céline Louapre ◽  
Michella Ibrahim ◽  
Elisabeth Maillart ◽  
Basma Abdi ◽  
Caroline Papeix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Anti Cd20

BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 seroconversion rate after COVID-19 may be influenced by disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO-SD).ObjectiveTo investigate the seroprevalence and the quantity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a cohort of patients with MS or NMO-SD.MethodsBlood samples were collected in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between 19 February 2020 and 26 February 2021. SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity rates and Ig levels (anti-S IgG titre, anti-S IgA index, anti-N IgG index) were compared between DMTs groups. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to estimate the influence of DMTs and other confounding variables on SARS-CoV-2 serological outcomes.Results119 patients (115 MS, 4 NMO, mean age: 43.0 years) were analysed. Overall, seroconversion rate was 80.6% within 5.0 (SD 3.4) months after infection. 20/21 (95.2%) patients without DMT and 66/77 (85.7%) patients on DMTs other than anti-CD20 had at least one SARS-CoV-2 Ig positivity, while this rate decreased to only 10/21 (47.6%) for patients on anti-CD20 (p<0.001). Being on anti-CD20 was associated with a decreased odd of positive serology (OR, 0.07 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.69), p=0.02) independently from time to COVID-19, total IgG level, age, sex and COVID-19 severity. Time between last anti-CD20 infusion and COVID-19 was longer (mean (SD), 3.7 (2.0) months) in seropositive patients compared with seronegative patients (mean (SD), 1.9 (1.5) months, p=0.04).ConclusionsSARS-CoV-2 antibody response was decreased in patients with MS or NMO-SD treated with anti-CD20 therapies. Monitoring long-term risk of reinfection and specific vaccination strategies in this population may be warranted.Trial registration numberNCT04568707.

Intrathecal IGM synthesis in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: Clinical and laboratory analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 381 ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
V. Neri ◽  
A.B. Lopes ◽  
C.O. Brandao ◽  
S. Vieira Leon ◽  
C.C. Ferreira Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders
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