Interleukin-2 receptor β and γ chain dysregulation during the inhibition of CD4 T cell activation by human immunodeficiency virus-1 gp120

Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus controllers (HICs) form a heterogeneous group of patients with regard to formal definitions, immunologic characteristics, and changes over time in viral load. Patients and Methods The HICs with undetectable viral load ([uHICs] ie, for whom a viral load had never been detected with routine assays; n = 52) were compared with 178 HICs with blips during the follow up (bHICs). Clinical characteristics, ultrasensitive HIV-ribonucleic acid (RNA) and HIV-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) loads, HIV1-Western blot profiles, and immune parameters were analyzed. Results Relative to bHICs, uHICs had significantly lower ultrasensitive plasma HIV-RNA loads (P < .0001) and HIV-DNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P = .0004), higher CD4+ T-cell count (P = .04) at enrollment, and lower T-cell activation levels. Between diagnosis and inclusion in the cohort, the CD4+ T-cell count had not changed in uHICs but had significantly decreased in bHICs. Twenty-one percent of the uHICs lacked specific anti-HIV immunoglobulin G antibodies, and these individuals also had very low levels of HIV-DNA. Half of the uHICs had a protective human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele (-B57/58/B27), a weak CD8+ T-cell response, and very small HIV-DNA reservoir. Conclusions We suggest that an interesting HIC phenotype combines protective HLA alleles, low level of HIV blood reservoirs, and reduced immune activation. Prospective studies aimed at evaluating the benefit of combined antiretroviral therapy in HICs might take into account the identification of uHICs and bHICs.

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Enhanced T cell activation in Plasmodium falciparum malaria-infected human immunodeficiency virus-1 patients from Mozambique

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz ◽

10.1590/s0074-02762012000800004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 107 (8) ◽

pp. 985-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Helena Chavale ◽

Joanna Reis Santos-Oliveira ◽

Alda Maria Da-Cruz ◽

Sonia Enosse

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

T Cell ◽

Falciparum Malaria ◽

T Cell Activation ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

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Maintenance of Viral Suppression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Controllers Despite Waning T-Cell Responses During Antiretroviral Therapy

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jiaa294 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 222 (11) ◽

pp. 1837-1842 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nikolaus Jilg ◽

Pilar Garcia-Broncano ◽

Michael Peluso ◽

Florencia P Segal ◽

Ronald J Bosch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Cell ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

T Cell Activation ◽

Cell Activation ◽

T Cell Responses ◽

Cell Responses ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Undetectable Viremia ◽

Hiv Controllers

Abstract AIDS Clinical Trials Group study A5308 found reduced T-cell activation and exhaustion in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) controllers start antiretroviral therapy (ART). We further assessed HIV-specific T-cell responses and post-ART viral loads. Before ART, the 31% of participants with persistently undetectable viremia had more robust HIV-specific T-cell responses. During ART, significant decreases were observed in a broad range of T-cell responses. Eight controllers in A5308 and the Study of the Consequences of the Protease Inhibitor Era (SCOPE) cohort showed no viremia above the level of quantification in the first 12 weeks after ART discontinuation. ART significantly reduced HIV-specific T-cell responses in HIV controllers but did not adversely affect controller status after ART discontinuation.

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T-cell progenitor function during progressive human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection and after antiretroviral therapy

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v96.1.242 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 242-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Dawn R. Clark ◽

Sjoerd Repping ◽

Nadine G. Pakker ◽

Jan M. Prins ◽

Daan W. Notermans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Cell ◽

T Cell Development ◽

Cell Development ◽

Cd4 T Cell ◽

Cell Renewal ◽

Fetal Thymus ◽

Development Capacity ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Abstract Impairment of T-cell renewal has been proposed as contributing to CD4+ T-cell depletion in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1. We analyzed the T-cell development capacity of progenitors using fetal thymus organ culture. Those who progressed to AIDS had a dramatic loss in T-cell development capacity shortly after seroconversion. In contrast, long-term nonprogressors retained progenitor capacity 8 years after seroconversion. Approximately 70% of patients experienced an improvement in T-cell development capacity after receiving 6 months of potent antiretroviral therapy. Improvement in T-cell development in fetal thymus organ culture correlated with an increase in the number of naive CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood. Numbers of progenitors in blood and bone marrow after seroconversion or during therapy did not correlate with the change observed in T-cell development capacity. These data provide evidence that HIV-1 infection can interfere with T-cell renewal at the level of the progenitor cell. Interference with T-cell renewal may contribute to CD4+ T-cell depletion.

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