Multiple nutrients constrain fine root functioning in a lowland tropical rainforest: initial responses from a large-scale nutrient manipulation experiment in Central Amazonia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laynara Figueiredo Lugli ◽  
Jessica Rosa ◽  
Kelly Andersen ◽  
Lina Mercado ◽  
Beto Quesada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Central Amazonia ◽  
Nutrient Manipulation ◽  
Manipulation Experiment

scholarly journals Nutrient limitations regulate soil greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical forests: evidence from an ecosystem-scale nutrient manipulation experiment in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tamale ◽  
Roman Hüppi ◽  
Marco Griepentrog ◽  
Laban Frank Turyagyenda ◽  
Matti Barthel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Nutrient Manipulation ◽  
N2o Fluxes ◽  
Ghg Fluxes ◽  
Manipulation Experiment

Abstract. Tropical forests contribute significantly to the emission and uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). However, studies on the soil environmental controls of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from African tropical forest ecosystems are still rare. The aim of this study was to disentangle the regulation effect of soil nutrients on soil GHG fluxes in a tropical forest in northwestern Uganda. Therefore, a large-scale nutrient manipulation experiment (NME) based on 40 m × 40 m plots with different nutrient addition treatments (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), N + P, and control) was established. Soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes were measured monthly using permanently installed static chambers for 14 months. Total soil CO2 fluxes were partitioned into autotrophic and heterotrophic components through a root trenching treatment. In addition, soil temperature, soil water content, and mineral N were measured in parallel to GHG fluxes. N addition (N, N + P) resulted in significantly higher N2O fluxes in the transitory phase (0–28 days after fertilization, p 

Fine root turnover and litter production of Norway spruce in a long-term temperature and nutrient manipulation experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 374 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaana Leppälammi-Kujansuu ◽  
Maija Salemaa ◽  
Dan Berggren Kleja ◽  
Sune Linder ◽  
Heljä-Sisko Helmisaari
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Turnover ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Fine Root Turnover ◽  
Nutrient Manipulation ◽  
Manipulation Experiment

scholarly journals More individuals but fewer species: testing the ‘more individuals hypothesis’ in a diverse tropical fauna

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence P. McGlynn ◽  
Michael D. Weiser ◽  
Robert R. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Resource Abundance ◽  
Monotonic Increase ◽  
Ant Diversity ◽  
Unimodal Relationship

A positive relationship between species richness and productivity is often observed in nature, but the causes remain contentious. One mechanism, the ‘more individuals hypothesis’ (MIH), predicts richness increases monotonically with density, as a function of resource flux. To test the MIH, we manipulated resource abundance in a community of tropical rainforest litter ants and measured richness and density responses. A unimodal relationship between richness and density most closely fitted the control and disturbance (resource removal) treatments in contrast to expectations of the MIH. Resource addition resulted in a monotonic increase in richness relative to density, a shift from the pattern in the control. In the disturbance treatment, richness was greater than in the control, opposite to expectations of the MIH. While large-scale correlations between ant diversity and net primary productivity or temperature are reconcilable with the MIH, key elements of the hypothesis are not supported.

scholarly journals Methane fluxes during the initiation of a large-scale water table manipulation experiment in the Alaskan Arctic tundra

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Zona ◽  
W. C. Oechel ◽  
J. Kochendorfer ◽  
K. T. Paw U ◽  
A. N. Salyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
Alaskan Arctic ◽  
Manipulation Experiment

scholarly journals A BRIEF OBSERVATION OF THE FORMATION OF COHERENT STRUCTURES AND TURBULENCE OVER A RAIN FOREST AREA IN CENTRAL AMAZÔNIA: THE ATTO-CLAIRE/IOP – 1/2012 EXPERIMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Newton Silva de Lima ◽  
Julio Tota da Silva ◽  
Maurício José Alves Bolzam ◽  
Alan Dos Santos Ferreira ◽  
Matheus Da Rocha Pietzsch
Keyword(s):  
Coherent Structures ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Central Amazonia ◽  
Intensive Observation ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Box Plot ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

ABSTRACT. This work used micrometeorological measurements of temperature and wind in order to characterize the turbulence due to wind in a terra firme forest in central Amazonia as part of the ATTO-CLAIRE / IOP-1 (2012) (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory – Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment / Intensive Observation Period – 2012 / LBA – Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon). This research was conducted at the Uatumã ATTO Sustainable Development Reserve in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, from February to September, 2012, and used data from February 26 to September 07, 2012, dates that partially encompass the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The ATTO site has 5 towers: one that is 320m, and four that are 80 m in height, and this research was conducted on an 80 m triangular tower. A total of ten 3D and 2D ultrasonic anemometers were installed on the tower, and the importance of these instruments used for flux measurements is also evident when taking into account the fact that the dissemination and diffusion of seeds and chemical composts in the forest happens through the action of turbulent fluxes. In order to understand the wind profile, the inflection point of the wind velocity, and coherent structures (ECs) and local turbulence, box-plot diagrams, quadrant analyses, wavelet potential spectrum, and energy potential analyses were conducted. The turbulence characterized at the ATTO had a roll or ramp structure during the study period, which represents favorable conditions for the maintenance of the forest during the wet and dry seasons in the Central Amazon. Keywords: inflection point, ramp, wavelet, turbulence. RESUMO. Este trabalho faz uso de medidas micrometeorológicas de temperatura e vento, com finalidade de caracterizar a turbulência aerotransportada em uma floresta de terra firme na Amazônia Central, realizadas no experimento ATTO-CLAIRE / IOP-1 (2012) (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory – Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment / Intensive Observation Period – 2012 / LBA – Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazônia), no sítio do ATTO, na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Uatumã – AM (Brasil) nos meses de fevereiro a setembro de 2012, com dados analisados a partir do dia 26 de fevereiro de 2012 até o dia 7 de setembro de 2012, entre as estações úmida e seca na Amazônia Central, no complexo de torres altas composta de 5 (cinco) torres; uma de 320 m e 4 (quatro) de 80 m. Este trabalho foi realizado na torre triangular (80 m). Foram instalados 10 (dez) anemômetros ultrassônicos de 3D e 2D. Equipamentos necessários em método de fluxos, visto que, a disseminação e difusão de sementes e compostos químicos da floresta, faz-se também por fluxos turbulentos. Para compreensão do perfil de vento, ponto de inflexão do perfil da velocidade do vento, estruturas coerentes e a turbulência local, para tal desenvolveu-se a partir dos dados processados, diagrama de caixa (box-plot ), análise de quadrantes, espectro de potência em ondeletas, espectro de energia. A turbulência caracterizada no ATTO, foi de estruturas do tipo “rolo” ou rampa, para o período estudado, condições favoráveis para manutenção da floresta em período úmido-seco na Amazônia Central.Palavras-chave: ponto de inflexão, rampa, ondeleta, turbulência.

scholarly journals Fine‐root dynamics vary with soil depth and precipitation in a low‐nutrient tropical forest in the Central Amazonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Cordeiro ◽  
Richard J. Norby ◽  
Kelly M. Andersen ◽  
Oscar Valverde‐Barrantes ◽  
Lucia Fuchslueger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Root Dynamics ◽  
Fine Root Dynamics ◽  
Central Amazonia

scholarly journals Response of the Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) root system to changing humidity and temperature conditions of the site

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mauer ◽  
R. Bagár ◽  
E. Palátová
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Vegetation Zone ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Root Vitality ◽  
Equal Height

The Bohemian-Moravian Upland shows a large-scale decline and dieback of Norway spruce up to the forest altitudinal vegetation zone (FAVZ) 5. This phenomenon has been observed in the last 7 years and its progress is rapid. Healthy, declining and standing dry trees of equal height were mutually compared in nine forest stands (aged 3–73 years). These parameters were measured: increment dynamics, root system architecture, biomass, fine root vitality and mycorrhiza, infestation by biotic and abiotic agents. Analyses were done for 414 trees, soil characteristics and weather course data covered the period 1961–2004. Warming and precipitation deficit are the predisposition factors. Weakened trees are aggressively infested by the honey fungus (<I>Armillaria mellea</I>), and they die from root rots. In this paper we describe the mechanism of damage to and dieback of the spruce trees concerned.

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