In-Line Monitoring and Control of Conversion and Weight-Average Molecular Weight of Polyurethanes in Solution Step-Growth Polymerization Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Torquemetry

2005 ◽  
Vol 290 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro S. Nogueira ◽  
Cristiano P. Borges ◽  
José C. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Weight Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for monitoring and control of cell culture and fermentation

2009 ◽  
pp. NA-NA ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert E. Cervera ◽  
Nanna Petersen ◽  
Anna Eliasson Lantz ◽  
Anders Larsen ◽  
Krist V. Gernaey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

Near Infrared Spectroscopy for the Monitoring and Control of Polymerisation Processes

NIR news ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Sheibat-Othman ◽  
Dominique Peycelon ◽  
Jean-Bernard Egraz ◽  
Jean-Marc Suau ◽  
Gilles Févotte
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

Process modeling and control applied to real-time monitoring of distillation processes by near-infrared spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
pp. 41-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo R. de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo H.P. Pedroza ◽  
A.O. Sousa ◽  
Kássio M.G. Lima ◽  
Anna de Juan
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Process Modeling ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
And Control

Study on the Reaction of TDI and PPG with Organo-Tin Mixed Catalyst

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Su Ran Liao ◽  
Yuan Wei ◽  
Yu Qi Zhang ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Gao Fei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Number Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Mixed Catalyst ◽  
Back Titration ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Conditions

The study of polyurethanes are of continuing interest due to their excellent physical properties. In this study, the reaction kinetics and polymerization conditions in two-step process of toluene diisocyante (TDI) and polypropylene glycol (PPG) with organo-tin mixed catalyst were investigated by di-n-butylamine back-titration. It was showed that the reaction obeyed the second-order equation of step-growth polymerization, the rate constants of TDI and PPG reaction at 50, 60 and 70°C were 0.0922, 0.3373 and 0.5828 kg•mol-1•min-1，respectively. The activation energy obtained from the result was 71.63 kJ•mol-1. The number average molecular weight (Mn) and molecular-weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the polyurethane were 45175 and 1.53, respectively, and the content of hydrogen bonding in the N-H group from Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) was 80.75%, which manifested that the large amount of N-H were present in hydrogen bonding.

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