Robust visualization of middle cerebral artery main trunk by enhanced acceleration-selective arterial spin labeling (eAccASL) for intracranial MRA

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 3185-3191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Akamine ◽  
Makoto Obara ◽  
Osamu Togao ◽  
Shuhei Shibukawa ◽  
Masami Yoneyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Main Trunk

Abstract WP48: Relationship of Cerebral Blood Flow by Pseudo-continuous Arterial Spin Labeling and Stenosis in Middle Cerebral Artery Territory in Patients Evaluated for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lai ◽  
Raja Rizal Azman Raja Aman ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Pui-Wai Chiu ◽  
Queenie Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Vascular Territory

Purpose: Correlation of arterial stenosis with cortical and subcortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. Methods: 126 patients with acute cerebrovascular symptoms from March to June 2015 underwent MRI and MR Angiography (MRA) in a University hospital using a 3.0 Tesla scanner. Sequences included T1W, T2W, FLAIR, DWI, MRA, Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling (pcASL, post-labeling delay 1.525 s). 13 patients (corrupted pcASL data) were excluded, with 113 patients (mean age: 67.74±14.19) evaluated (61 acute ischemic stroke, 52 patients transient ischemic attack). Institutionally developed software was used to determine CBF. MCA stenosis was graded into 4 categories by a neuroradiologist: 0 (no stenosis), 1 (mild <50%), 2 (moderate 50-70%) and 3 (severe >70%). Mean and standard deviation of MCA categories (leptomeningeal and perforating) CBF and corresponding degree of MCA stenosis were measured. Spearman correlation coefficients between CBF of cortical and subcortical regions and degree of MCA stenoses were calculated using SPSS (version 23.0). Results: The table showed the descriptive statistics. There was significant correlation between CBF of cortical region of MCA vascular territory and degree of stenosis of MCA in both left (r s = -0.296, p =0.001) and right (r s = -0.306, p =0.001) side. In the contrary, there was no correlation between subcortical CBF of MCA vascular territory and degree of stenosis of MCA in both sides. Conclusion: pcASL is a feasible non-invasive method to measure CBF in clinical setting. In MCA territory, the cortical blood flow correlated (fairly) with large vessel stenosis but not subcortical flow. We conclude that cortical CBF correlated with large artery stenosis, though being attenuated by collateral blood supply. No such relationship in subcortical CBF might be due to differential grey and white matter CBF flow, variable MCA stenotic location, and perforators originating from other territories.

scholarly journals Collateral perfusion using arterial spin labeling in symptomatic versus asymptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Lou ◽  
Xiaoxiao Ma ◽  
David S Liebeskind ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Chenglin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Antegrade Flow

The purpose was to assess the difference of collaterals in symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis by comparing cerebral blood flow (CBF) at two post labeling delays (PLD) using three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL). Eighty-one patients (49 symptomatic and 32 asymptomatic) with unilateral MCA stenosis ≥50% who underwent pCASL with two PLDs were included. Mean CBF and CBF subtraction images between two PLDs of MCA territories were compared in symptomatic and asymptomatic groups, respectively. Compared with the asymptomatic group, patients with symptomatic MCA stenosis had significantly lower CBF in the MCA territory of stenotic side at each PLD. The CBF of stenotic territory showed greater increase than that of normal side from PLD 1.5 to 2.5 s. The CBF of asymptomatic MCA territory increased similarly with that of symptomatic MCA territory from PLD of 1.5 to 2.5 s in stenotic side, while symptomatic patients experienced significantly slower antegrade flow. On CBF subtraction images, asymptomatic patients showed larger volume of differences between PLD of 1.5 and 2.5 s compared with those of symptomatic patients ( p = 0.037). The results suggest that more robust collateral perfusion on two-delay 3D pCASL is present in asymptomatic patients compared with symptomatic patients.

Acetazolamide-Challenged Arterial Spin Labeling Detects Augmented Cerebrovascular Reserve After Surgery for Moyamoya

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi L. Rao ◽  
Laura M. Prolo ◽  
Jonathan D. Santoro ◽  
Michael Zhang ◽  
Jennifer L. Quon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reserve ◽  
Revascularization Surgery

Background and Purpose: Cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) inversely correlates with stroke risk in children with Moyamoya disease and may be improved by revascularization surgery. We hypothesized that acetazolamide-challenged arterial spin labeling MR perfusion quantifies augmentation of CVR achieved by revascularization and correlates with currently accepted angiographic scoring criteria. Methods: We retrospectively identified pediatric patients with Moyamoya disease or syndrome who received cerebral revascularization at ≤18 years of age between 2012 and 2019 at our institution. Using acetazolamide-challenged arterial spin labeling, we compared postoperative CVR to corresponding preoperative values and to postoperative perfusion outcomes classified by Matsushima grading. Results: In this cohort, 32 patients (17 males) with Moyamoya underwent 29 direct and 16 indirect extracranial-intracranial bypasses at a median 9.7 years of age (interquartile range, 7.6–15.7). Following revascularization, median CVR increased within the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery territory (6.9 mL/100 g per minute preoperatively versus 16.5 mL/100 g per minute postoperatively, P <0.01). No differences were observed in the ipsilateral anterior cerebral artery ( P =0.13) and posterior cerebral artery ( P =0.48) territories. Postoperative CVR was higher in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery territories of patients who achieved Matsushima grade A perfusion, in comparison to those with grades B or C (25.8 versus 17.5 mL, P =0.02). The method of bypass (direct or indirect) did not alter relative increases in CVR (8 versus 3.8 mL/100 g per minute, P =0.7). Conclusions: Acetazolamide-challenged arterial spin labeling noninvasively quantifies augmentation of CVR following surgery for Moyamoya disease and syndrome.

scholarly journals Characterizing Diaschisis-Related Thalamic Perfusion and Diffusion After Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Xia ◽  
Jiaying Zhou ◽  
Chunqiang Lu ◽  
Yuancheng Wang ◽  
Tianyu Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction ◽  
Chronic Group ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis ◽  
And Diffusion

Background and Purpose: Ipsilateral thalamic diaschisis (ITD) initially describes functional depression of the thalamus ipsilateral to a supratentorial lesion, but accumulating evidence has shown morphological changes also occur. Therefore, we aimed to characterize thalamic perfusion and diffusion related to ITD over time and their inter-relationships after middle cerebral artery infarction. Methods: Eighty-five patients with middle cerebral artery infarction who underwent diffusion kurtosis imaging and arterial spin labeling were retrospectively included. ITD was diagnosed as ipsilateral thalamic hypoperfusion present on ≥2 cerebral blood flow maps. The thalamic asymmetrical index was calculated as (ipsilateral value−contralateral value)/contralateral value×100%. Finally, the inter-relationships of thalamic perfusion and diffusion were analyzed. Results: ITD was present in 56/85 patients (65.9%, ITD+). In ITD+ patients, larger abnormal perfusion volume, higher perfusion-infarct mismatch and lower rates of focal hyperperfusion were observed than ITD− patients. Infarction affecting the corona radiata were more frequent among ITD+ patients. Mean kurtosis were slightly but significantly increased within the ipsilateral thalamus compared with the contralateral one in ITD+ patients of subacute and chronic groups, while fractional anisotropy was significantly increased in subacute group but decreased in chronic group for both ITD+ and ITD− patients. Mean diffusivity was significantly increased in ITD+ patients of chronic group. Furthermore, the AI CBF was negatively and significantly correlated with AI MK and AI FA in ITD+ patients in subacute group, and AI MD , even after adjustment for abnormal perfusion volume and days from symptoms onset, in chronic group. ITD+ patients had significantly higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale scores at admission and discharge and also showed a trend to independent association with clinical outcome at discharge. Conclusions: The combination of arterial spin labeling and diffusion kurtosis imaging can reveal early, time-specific thalamic perfusion and diffusion changes after middle cerebral artery infarction. ITD-related hypoperfusion was significantly correlated with underlying microstructural alterations.

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