Vertical sleeve gastrectomy reduces hepatic steatosis while increasing serum bile acids in a weight-loss-independent manner

AbstractVertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is one of the most commonly performed clinical bariatric surgeries for the remission of obesity and diabetes. Its effects include weight loss, improved insulin resistance, and the improvement of hepatic steatosis. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with many diseases, including obesity. To explore the role of vitamin D in metabolic disorders for patients with obesity after VSG. We established a murine model of diet-induced obesity + VDD, and we performed VSGs to investigate VDD's effects on the improvement of metabolic disorders present in post-VSG obese mice. We observed that in HFD mice, the concentration of VitD3 is four fold of HFD + VDD one. In the post-VSG obese mice, VDD attenuated the improvements of hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, intestinal inflammation and permeability, the maintenance of weight loss, the reduction of fat loss, and the restoration of intestinal flora that were weakened. Our results suggest that in post-VSG obese mice, maintaining a normal level of vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the improvement of metabolic disorders.

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Farnesoid X receptor ‐ a molecular predictor of weight loss after vertical sleeve gastrectomy?

Obesity Science & Practice ◽

10.1002/osp4.337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 273-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. Scott ◽

S. Elahi ◽

M. Adebibe ◽

U. Parampalli ◽

K. Mannur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Farnesoid X Receptor ◽

Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Molecular Predictor

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Effect of vertical sleeve gastrectomy on food selection and satiation in rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00211.2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 303 (8) ◽

pp. E1076-E1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Adam P. Chambers ◽

Hilary E. Wilson-Perez ◽

Sean McGrath ◽

Bernadette E. Grayson ◽

Karen K. Ryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Area Postrema ◽

Food Selection ◽

Nutrient Sensing ◽

Ingestive Behavior ◽

Neuronal Activation ◽

Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Caloric Density ◽

Dietary Preferences

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is a restrictive procedure that reduces food intake to produce weight loss. Here we assess volume and nutrient effects on the ingestive behavior of VSG and sham surgery animals. Rats given access to Ensure or pelleted chow were used to determine if liquid foods would adversely affect weight loss after surgery. Volume effects were studied by altering the caloric density of Ensure, and dietary preferences for fat and carbohydrate (sucrose) were assessed using a two-bottle test. c-Fos was used to measure neuronal activation in the nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema in response to intragastric infusions of water, sucrose, or Intralipid. The degree of colocalization with catecholaminergic neurons was also assessed. VSG rats did not show the expected preference for a liquid diet over chow and lacked dietary preferences for fat seen in shams. Preferences for carbohydrate/sucrose solutions were unaffected by surgery. Meal size was reduced by VSG; however, VSG rats were able to alter their volume of intake to compensate for changes in caloric density, and intragastric infusions of water produced similar levels of neuronal activation among VSG, sham, and pair-fed rats. In comparison, nutrient-induced c-Fos activation was substantially increased by VSG. Colocalization between c-Fos and catecholaminergic-expressing neurons was similar among rats treated with water, sucrose, or Intralipid. VSG alters nutrient sensing in a manner that lowers the threshold for satiety and reduces fat preference to induce and maintain weight loss.

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Sleeve Gastrectomy Suppresses Hepatic Glucose Production and Increases Hepatic Insulin Clearance Independent of Weight-Loss

10.2337/figshare.15070008 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Ben-Haroush Schyr ◽

Abbas Al-Kurd ◽

Botros Moalem ◽

Anna Permyakova ◽

Hadar Israeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Hepatic Glucose Production ◽

Glucose Production ◽

Insulin Clearance ◽

Insulin Metabolism ◽

Insulin Levels ◽

Hepatic Glucose ◽

Hepatic Insulin Clearance

Bariatric surgeries induce weight loss which is associated with an improvement in hepatic steatosis and reduction in hepatic glucose production. It is not clear whether these outcomes are entirely due to weight-loss, or whether the new anatomy imposed by the surgery contributes to the improvement in the metabolic function of the liver. We performed vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) on obese mice provided with a high-fat high-sucrose diet, and compared them to diet and weight-matched sham-operated mice (WMS). 40 days after surgery, VSG-operated mice displayed lesser hepatic steatosis compared to WMS. By measuring the fasting glucose and insulin levels in the blood vessels feeding and draining the liver we showed directly that hepatic glucose production was suppressed after VSG. Insulin levels were elevated in the portal vein, and hepatic insulin clearance was elevated in VSG-operated mice. The hepatic expression of genes associated with insulin clearance was upregulated. We repeated the experiment in lean mice and observed that portal insulin and glucagon are elevated, but only insulin clearance is increased in VSG-operated mice. In conclusion, direct measurement of glucose and insulin in the blood entering and leaving the liver shows that VSG affects glucose and insulin metabolism through weight-loss and diet-independent mechanisms.

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Elevated Plasma Endothelin‐1 is Associated with Reduced Weight Loss Post‐Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.592.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Haley N Jenkins ◽

London J Williams ◽

Adam S Dungey ◽

Kenneth D Vick ◽

Bernadette E Grayson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Endothelin 1

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Sleeve Gastrectomy Suppresses Hepatic Glucose Production and Increases Hepatic Insulin Clearance Independent of Weight-Loss

10.2337/figshare.15070008.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Ben-Haroush Schyr ◽

Abbas Al-Kurd ◽

Botros Moalem ◽

Anna Permyakova ◽

Hadar Israeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Hepatic Glucose Production ◽

Glucose Production ◽

Insulin Clearance ◽

Insulin Metabolism ◽

Insulin Levels ◽

Hepatic Glucose ◽

Hepatic Insulin Clearance

Bariatric surgeries induce weight loss which is associated with an improvement in hepatic steatosis and reduction in hepatic glucose production. It is not clear whether these outcomes are entirely due to weight-loss, or whether the new anatomy imposed by the surgery contributes to the improvement in the metabolic function of the liver. We performed vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) on obese mice provided with a high-fat high-sucrose diet, and compared them to diet and weight-matched sham-operated mice (WMS). 40 days after surgery, VSG-operated mice displayed lesser hepatic steatosis compared to WMS. By measuring the fasting glucose and insulin levels in the blood vessels feeding and draining the liver we showed directly that hepatic glucose production was suppressed after VSG. Insulin levels were elevated in the portal vein, and hepatic insulin clearance was elevated in VSG-operated mice. The hepatic expression of genes associated with insulin clearance was upregulated. We repeated the experiment in lean mice and observed that portal insulin and glucagon are elevated, but only insulin clearance is increased in VSG-operated mice. In conclusion, direct measurement of glucose and insulin in the blood entering and leaving the liver shows that VSG affects glucose and insulin metabolism through weight-loss and diet-independent mechanisms.

Download Full-text