Immunogenic and antigenic analysis of recombinant NSP1 and NSP11 of PRRS virus

AbstractPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a serious disease burdening global swine industry. Infection by its etiological agent, PRRS virus (PRRSV), shows a highly restricted tropism of host cells and has been demonstrated to be mediated by an essential scavenger receptor (SR) CD163. CD163 fifth SR cysteine-rich domain (SRCR5) is further proven to play a crucial role during viral infection. Despite intense research, the involvement of CD163 SRCR5 in PRRSV infection remains to be elucidated. In the current study, we prepared recombinant monkey CD163 (moCD163) SRCR5 and human CD163-like homolog (hCD163L1) SRCR8, and determined their crystal structures. After comparison with the previously reported crystal structure of porcine CD163 (pCD163) SRCR5, these structures showed almost identical structural folds but significantly different surface electrostatic potentials. Based on these differences, we carried out mutational research to identify that the charged residue at position 534 in association with the one at position 561 were important for PRRSV-2 infection in vitro. Altogether the current work sheds some light on CD163-mediated PRRSV-2 infection and deepens our understanding of the viral pathogenesis, which will provide clues for prevention and control of PRRS.

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Recent Advances in PRRS Virus Receptors and the Targeting of Receptor–Ligand for Control

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9040354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 354

Author(s):

Chia-Ming Su ◽

Raymond Robert Richard Rowland ◽

Dongwan Yoo

Keyword(s):

Viral Entry ◽

Critical Role ◽

Scavenger Receptor ◽

Viral Pathogenesis ◽

Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽

Receptor Ligand ◽

Cellular Receptors ◽

Prrs Virus ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Virus Receptors

Cellular receptors play a critical role in viral infection. At least seven cellular molecules have been identified as putative viral entry mediators for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Accumulating data indicate that among these candidates, CD163, a cysteine-rich scavenger receptor on macrophages, is the major receptor for PRRSV. This review discusses the recent advances and understanding of the entry of PRRSV into cells, viral pathogenesis in CD163 gene-edited swine, and CD163 as a potential target of receptor–ligand for the control of PRRS.

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Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S Protein: Biophysical, Biochemical, Structural, and Antigenic Analysis

ACS Omega ◽

10.1021/acsomega.0c03512 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Natalia G. Herrera ◽

Nicholas C. Morano ◽

Alev Celikgil ◽

George I. Georgiev ◽

Ryan J. Malonis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antigenic Analysis ◽

S Protein

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Modeling the spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in a swine population: transmission dynamics, immunity information, and optimal control strategies

Advances in Difference Equations ◽

10.1186/s13662-019-2351-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Phithakdet Phoo-ngurn ◽

Chanakarn Kiataramkul ◽

Farida Chamchod

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Vaccination Rate ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽

Respiratory Problems ◽

Prrs Virus ◽

Swine Population ◽

Swine Disease

Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an important swine disease that affects many swine industries worldwide. The disease can cause reproductive failure and respiratory problems in a swine population. As vaccination is an important tool to control the spread of PRRS virus (PRRSV), we employ a mathematical model to investigate the transmission dynamics of PRRSV and the effects of immunity information, as well as vaccination control strategies. We also explore optimal vaccination coverage and vaccination rate to minimize the number of infected swines and vaccination efforts. Our results suggest that: (i) higher vaccination coverage and vaccination rate together with prior knowledge about immunity may help reduce the prevalence of PRRSV, and (ii) longer maximum vaccination efforts are required when swines stay longer in a population and it takes them longer time to recover from PRRS infections.

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