Comparison of Y Chromosome and mtDNA Phylogenies Leads to Unique Inferences of Macaque Evolutionary History

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J Tosi ◽  
Juan Carlos Morales ◽  
Don J Melnick
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Evolutionary History

The chromosomes of Metachirus nudicaudatus (Marsupialia : Didelphidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Yunis ◽  
J Cayon ◽  
E Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Pachytene Stage ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Heterochromatin Staining ◽  
Metachirus Nudicaudatus

A karyologic study of M. nudicaudatus, carried out on three females and five males, shows a chromosome number of 14, with apparent lack of dimorphism in the sex chromosomes. Nevertheless, the heterochromatin staining technique reveals the Y chromosome to be fully heteropycnotic. The meiotic chromosome has a sex vesicle at the pachytene stage. The similarity of this karyotype with those of Caluromys derbianus and Dromiciops australis is striking, especially considering that the genera belong to two subfamilies separated early in their evolutionary history. Our results support the opinion of Hayman and Martin that the original chromosome number in Marsupialia was 14.

scholarly journals DoesStellateCause Meiotic Drive inDrosophila melanogaster?

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
pp. 1551-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Belloni ◽  
Patrizia Tritto ◽  
Maria Pia Bozzetti ◽  
Gioacchino Palumbo ◽  
Leonard G Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Active Element ◽  
Meiotic Drive

AbstractDrosophila melanogaster males deficient for the crystal (cry) locus of the Y chromosome that carry between 15 and 60 copies of the X-linked Stellate (Ste) gene are semisterile, have elevated levels of nondisjunction, produce distorted sperm genotype ratios (meiotic drive), and evince hyperactive transcription of Ste in the testes. Ste seems to be the active element in this system, and it has been proposed that the ancestral Ste gene was “selfish” and increased in frequency because it caused meiotic drive. This hypothetical evolutionary history is based on the idea that Ste overexpression, and not the lack of cry, causes the meiotic drive of cry– males. To test whether this is true, we have constructed a Ste-deleted X chromosome and examined the phenotype of Ste–/cry– males. If hyperactivity of Ste were necessary for the transmission defects seen in cry– males, cry– males completely deficient for Ste would be normal. Although it is impossible to construct a completely Ste– genotype, we find that Ste–/cry– males have exactly the same phenotype as Ste+/cry– males. The deletion of all X chromosome Ste copies not only does not eliminate meiotic drive and nondisjunction, but it also does not even reduce them below the levels produced when the X carries 15 copies of Ste.

scholarly journals Evolutionary history of novel genes on the tammar wallaby Y chromosome: Implications for sex chromosome evolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. J. Murtagh ◽  
D. O'Meally ◽  
N. Sankovic ◽  
M. L. Delbridge ◽  
Y. Kuroki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Chromosome Evolution ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Sex Chromosome Evolution ◽  
Novel Genes ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals A pre-Columbian Y chromosome-specific transition and its implications for human evolutionary history.

1996 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Underhill ◽  
L. Jin ◽  
R. Zemans ◽  
P. J. Oefner ◽  
L. L. Cavalli-Sforza
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Evolutionary History

scholarly journals Y chromosome functions in mammalian spermatogenesis

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremie Subrini ◽  
James Turner
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
State Of Research

The mammalian Y chromosome is critical for male sex determination and spermatogenesis. However, linking each Y gene to specific aspects of male reproduction has been challenging. As the Y chromosome is notoriously hard to sequence and target, functional studies have mostly relied on transgene-rescue approaches using mouse models with large multi-gene deletions. These experimental limitations have oriented the field toward the search for a minimum set of Y genes necessary for male reproduction. Here, considering Y-chromosome evolutionary history and decades of discoveries, we review the current state of research on its function in spermatogenesis and reassess the view that many Y genes are disposable for male reproduction.

scholarly journals The Evolutionary History of Human and Chimpanzee Y-Chromosome Gene Loss

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Perry ◽  
R. Y. Tito ◽  
B. C. Verrelli
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Gene Loss ◽  
Chromosome Gene ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The Y-chromosome clarifies the evolutionary history of Sus scrofa by large-scale deep genome sequencing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huashui Ai ◽  
Jun Ren ◽  
Junwu Ma ◽  
Zhiyan Zhang ◽  
Wanbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Chromosome Y ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Gene

AbstractThe genetics and evolution of sex chromosomes are largely distinct from autosomes and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The Y chromosome offers unique genetic perspective on male-line inheritance. Here, we uncover novel evolutionary history of Sus scrofa based on 205 high-quality genomes from worldwide-distributed different wild boars and domestic pig breeds. We find that only two haplotypes exist in the distal and proximal blocks of at least 7.7 Mb on chromosome Y in pigs across European and Asian continents. And the times of most recent common ancestors (TMRCA) within both haplotypes, approximately 0.14 and 0.10 million years, are far smaller than their divergence time of around 1.07 million years. What’s more, the relationship between Sumatran and Eurasian continent Sus scrofa is much closer than that we knew before. And surprisingly, European pigs share the same haplotype with many Chinese pigs, which is not consistent with their deep splitting status on autosome and mtDNA. Further analyses show that the haplotype in Chinese pigs was likely introduced from European wild boars via ancient gene flow before pig domestication about 24k years ago. Low mutation rates and no recombination in the distal and proximal blocks on chromosome Y help us detect this male-driven ancient gene flow. Taken together, our results update the knowledge of pig demography and evolution, and might shed insight into the genetics and evolution studies on chromosome Y in other mammals.

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