Formal Operations for SDL Language Profiles

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether clinical speech deficits after brain injury are associated with functional speech reorganization. METHODS Across an 18-year interval, 11 patients with mild-to-moderate speech deficits underwent language mapping as part of their treatment for intractable epilepsy. These “aphasics” were compared with 14 matched “control” patients with normal speech who also were undergoing epilepsy surgery. Neuroanatomic data were compared with quantitative language profiles and clinical variables. RESULTS Cortical lesions were evident near speech areas in all aphasia cases. As expected, aphasic and control patients were distinguished by quantitative language profiles. The groups were further distinguished by the anatomic distribution of their speech sites. A significantly greater proportion of frontal speech sites was found in patients with previous brain injury, consistent with frontal site recruitment. The degree of frontal recruitment varied as a function of patient age at the time of initial brain injury; earlier injuries were associated with greater recruitment. The overall number of speech sites remained the same after injury. Significant associations were found between the number of the speech sites, naming fluency, and the lesion proximity in the temporal lobe. CONCLUSION Language maps in aphasics demonstrated evidence for age-dependent functional recruitment in the frontal, but not temporal, lobe. The proximity of cortical lesions to temporal speech sites predicted the overall extent of temporal lobe speech representation and performance on naming fluency. These findings have implications for neurosurgical planning in patients with preoperative speech deficits.

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Functional neuroimaging with MEG: Normative language profiles

NeuroImage ◽

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.06.020 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 326-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

A.C. Papanicolaou ◽

P. Pazo-Alvarez ◽

E.M. Castillo ◽

R.L. Billingsley-Marshall ◽

J.I. Breier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Normative Language ◽

Language Profiles

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Concrete and Formal Operations in very Bright 6- to 11-Year-Olds

Human Development ◽

10.1159/000271352 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 292-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Roger A. Webb

Keyword(s):

Formal Operations

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How Languages Work

10.1017/9781108553988 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Carol Genetti

Keyword(s):

Cultural Context ◽

Language Contact ◽

Sentence Structure ◽

Language Functions ◽

Analytical Skills ◽

Language Discourse ◽

Functional Aspects ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

Language Profiles ◽

And Linguistics

Language is a sophisticated tool which we use to communicate in a multitude of ways. Updated and expanded in its second edition, this book introduces language and linguistics - presenting language in all its amazing complexity while systematically guiding you through the basics. The reader will emerge with an appreciation of the diversity of the world's languages, as well as a deeper understanding of the structure of human language, the ways it is used, and its broader social and cultural context. Part I is devoted to the nuts and bolts of language study - speech sounds, sound patterns, sentence structure, and meaning - and includes chapters dedicated to the functional aspects of language: discourse, prosody, pragmatics, and language contact. The fourteen language profiles included in Part II reveal the world's linguistic variety while expanding on the similarities and differences between languages. Using knowledge gained from Part I, the reader can explore how language functions when speakers use it in daily interaction. With a step-by-step approach that is reinforced with well-chosen illustrations, case studies, and study questions, readers will gain understanding and analytical skills that will only enrich their ongoing study of language and linguistics.

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