Pulmonary surfactant-associated proteins: their role in surface tension reduction

1991 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Fred Possmayer ◽  
Amanda Cockshutt ◽  
Shou-Hwa Yu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Associated Proteins

scholarly journals Ionization-induced surface tension reduction of water droplets

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (24) ◽  
pp. 244105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Mook Weon ◽  
Jung Ho Je
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction

scholarly journals Modeling CCN activity of chemically unresolved model HULIS, including surface tension, non-ideality, and surface partitioning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonne L. Prisle ◽  
Bjarke Molgaard
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Cloud Droplet ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Partitioning ◽  
Critical Supersaturation ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Droplet Activation ◽  
Ccn Activity

Abstract. Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of aerosol particles comprising surface active Nordic Aquatic Fulvic Acid (NAFA) and NaCl was modeled with four different approaches to account for NAFA bulk-to-surface partitioning and the combined influence of NAFA and NaCl on surface tension and water activity of activating droplets. Calculations were made for particles with dry diameters of 30–230 nm and compositions covering the full range of relative NAFA and NaCl mixing ratios. Continuous ternary parametrizations of aqueous surface tension and water activity with respect to independently varying NAFA and NaCl mass concentrations were developed from previous measurements on macroscopic bulk solutions and implemented to a Köhler model framework. This enabled comprehensive thermodynamic predictions of cloud droplet activation, including equilibrium surface partitioning, for particles comprising chemically unresolved organic NAFA mixtures. NAFA here serves as a model for surface active atmospheric humic-like substances (HULIS) and for chemically complex organic aerosol in general. Surfactant effects are gauged via predictions of a suite of properties for activating droplets, including critical supersaturation and droplet size, bulk phase composition, surface tension, Kelvin effect, and water activity. Assuming macroscopic solution properties for activating droplets leads to gross overestimations of reported experimental CCN activation, mainly by overestimating surface tension reduction from NAFA solute in droplets. Failing to account for bulk-to-surface partitioning of NAFA introduces severe biases in evaluated droplet bulk and surface composition and critical size, which here specifically affect cloud activation thermodynamics, but more generally could also impact heterogeneous chemistry on droplet surfaces. Model frameworks based on either including surface partitioning and/or neglecting surface tension reduction give similar results for both critical supersaturation and droplet properties and reproduce reported experimental CCN activity well. These perhaps counterintuitive results reflect how the bulk phase is nearly depleted in surface active organic from surface partitioning in submicron droplets with large surface area for a given bulk volume. As a result, NAFA has very little impact on surface tension and water activity at the point of droplet activation. In other words, the predicted surfactant strength of NAFA is significantly lower in sub-micron activating droplets than in macroscopic aqueous solutions of the same overall composition. These results show similar effects of chemically complex surfactants as have previously been seen only for simple surfactants with well-defined molecular properties and add to the growing appreciation of the complex role of surface activity in cloud droplet activation.

Silicone Polymers in Skin Care

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. O'Lenick ◽  
Kevin A. O'Lenick
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Silicone Polymers ◽  
Skin Care Products

AbstractSilicone polymers have become increasingly important as ingredients in skin care products, and the trend has accelerated over the last decade. While silicone compounds have existed since the 1860s, their increasing popularity in recent years is due in large part to a better understanding of their unique functions. This increased understanding of the properties of silicone, coupled with an increased ability of the silicone chemist to modify compounds, has resulted in more effective utilization of these materials in skin care formulations. Silicone polymers bring to formulations a phase that is soluble neither in oil nor in water. They are third-phase ingredients that when properly chosen can provide to formulations properties including surface-tension reduction, wetting, and emulsification.

scholarly journals The effect of surface tension reduction on the clinical performance of sodium hypochlorite in endodontics

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rossi-Fedele ◽  
J. W. Prichard ◽  
L. Steier ◽  
J. A. P. de Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Effect Of Surface

scholarly journals Biosurfactant production by Mucor circinelloides on waste frying oil and possible uses in crude oil remediation

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1706-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Hasanizadeh ◽  
Hamid Moghimi ◽  
Javad Hamedi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Waste Frying Oil ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction

Biosurfactants are biocompatible surface active agents which many microorganisms produce. This study investigated the production of biosurfactants by Mucor circinelloides. The effects of different factors on biosurfactant production, including carbon sources and concentrations, nitrogen sources, and iron (II) concentration, were studied and the optimum condition determined. Finally, the strain's ability to remove the crude oil and its relationship with biosurfactant production was evaluated. The results showed that M. circinelloides could reduce the surface tension of the culture medium to 26.6 mN/m and create a clear zone of 12.9 cm diameter in an oil-spreading test. The maximum surface tension reduction was recorded 3 days after incubation. The optimum condition for biosurfactant production was achieved in the presence of 8% waste frying oil as a carbon source, 2 g/L yeast extract as a nitrogen source, and 0.01 mM FeSO4. M. circinelloides could consume 8% waste frying oil in 5 days of incubation, and 87.6% crude oil in 12 days of incubation. A direct correlation was observed between oil degradation and surface tension reduction in the first 3 days of fungal growth. The results showed that the waste frying oil could be recommended as an inexpensive oily waste substance for biosurfactant production, and M. circinelloides could have the potential to treat waste frying oil. According to the results, the produced crude biosurfactant or fungal strain could be directly used for the mycoremediation of crude oil contamination in oil fields.

Beyond fracking: Enhancement of shale gas desorption via surface tension reduction and wettability alteration

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 322-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman SalahEldin Hussien ◽  
Khaled Abdalla Elraies ◽  
Abdullah Almansour ◽  
Hazlina Husin ◽  
Juhairi Aris B. Mohd Shuhili
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Gas Desorption

scholarly journals Effects of agricultural spray adjuvants in surface tension reduction and spray retention on Eucalyptus leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 3959-3965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pereira Prado Evandro ◽  
Gilberto Raetano Carlos ◽  
Henrique Ferreira do Amaral Dal Pogetto Mario ◽  
Glauber Chechetto Rodolfo ◽  
Jose Ferreira Filho Pedro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Eucalyptus Leaves ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Spray Adjuvants

Adsorption and surface tension reduction at the vapor-liquid interface

1985 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 1514-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Lee ◽  
M. M. Telo da Gama ◽  
Keith E. Gubbins
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Vapor Liquid
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