Distributional Aspects of Price Comparisons

1978 ◽  
pp. 157-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Muellbauer
Keyword(s):  
Price Comparisons

scholarly journals Measuring spatial price differentials at the basic heading level: a comparison of stochastic index number methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Weinand
Keyword(s):  
Price Level ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Price Data ◽  
Estimation Efficiency ◽  
Spatial Price ◽  
Price Comparisons ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSpatial price comparisons rely to a high degree on the quality of the underlying price data that are collected within or across countries. Below the basic heading level, these price data often exhibit large gaps. Therefore, stochastic index number methods like the Country–Product–Dummy (CPD) method and the Gini–Eltetö–Köves–Szulc (GEKS) method are utilised for the aggregation of the price data into higher-level indices. Although the two index number methods produce differing price level estimates when prices are missing, the present paper demonstrates that both can be derived from exactly the same stochastic model. For a specific case of missing prices, it is shown that the formula underlying these price level estimates differs between the two methods only in weighting. The impact of missing prices on the efficiency of the price level estimates is analysed in two simulation studies. It can be shown that the CPD method slightly outperforms the GEKS method. Using micro data of Germany’s Consumer Price Index, it can be observed that more narrowly defined products improve estimation efficiency.

International Price Comparisons for Pharmaceuticals

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Danzon ◽  
Jeong D. Kim
Keyword(s):  
International Price ◽  
Price Comparisons

Regional Consumer Price Differences Within Germany

2010 ◽  
Vol 230 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Linz
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Price Development ◽  
Price Data ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Information Demand ◽  
Price Comparisons ◽  
Over Time

SummaryEvery month the Consumer Price Index for Germany (CPI) provides comprehensive and detailed information regarding the price development over time. However, when differences in the price level across regions in Germany have to be analysed at a given point in time, sufficient information is not available at present.Interest in regional consumer price data is shown by both scientists and policy makers. Currently, this information demand is not met as regional consumer prices or regional price comparisons are not provided by the Federal Statistical Office in Germany.Data available from the German Consumer Price Index is suitable to follow the price development over time but cannot be used directly to compare price levels of different regions because the goods tracked may be different from region to region.The article first considers the information demand and gives an overview of existing price data. Its main part refers to an empirical study which was conducted to check if existing Consumer Price Index data can be used to calculate regional consumer price comparisons by ex-post selecting comparable products.

International price comparisons: An area of further research

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 101899
Author(s):  
Christian M. Dippon
Keyword(s):  
International Price ◽  
Price Comparisons

Intelligent Agents for E-Commerce

2001 ◽  
pp. 101-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrill Warkentin ◽  
Vijayan Sugumaran ◽  
Ravi Bapna
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Intelligent Agent ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Return Policies ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Price Comparisons

A characteristic feature of the explosive growth in electronic commerce is the rapid innovation and adoption of new technologies, which results in the creation of new business relationships between consumers, firms, and markets. One such technology that is profoundly changing the dynamics of the electronic marketplace is ‘intelligent agent’ technology. Agents have the ability to autonomously carry out various activities on behalf of their principals. At a micro-economic level, agents can help buyers and sellers achieve greater efficiencies of information exchange in the electronic business-to-consumer and business-to-business domains. Additionally, they facilitate the creation of vertically integrated portals that have a significant impact on the macroeconomic landscape. Using many real-world examples, we characterize the different roles that software agents play in the various e-commerce business models and also touch upon their impact on creation of new market structures. We address price-matching versus price-comparison agents. We highlight the various purchase decision criteria evident in various vertical markets and suggest the need for a cross-industry product (and service) attribute data representation model, based on the expanded capabilities of XML. We contrast the autonomous price comparisons enabled by agents with the expanded criteria comparisons facilitated by the e-commerce rating sites. We discuss the public policy implications of these second-generation e-commerce agents with regard to data representation standardization and consumer information privacy. We present future directions for intelligent agent functions that encompass standard representation of decision criteria such as delivery and payment options, return policies, service, quality, trust, and reputation.

DAIRY INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND MILK PRICE COMPARISONS: - A COMMENT

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pitts ◽  
M. Haines ◽  
T. N. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Industry Structure ◽  
Price Comparisons
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