Arsenic Transport in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotic Microbes

2010 ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry P. Rosen ◽  
Markus J. Tamás
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Transport ◽  
Eukaryotic Microbes

scholarly journals Dynamics and Innovations within Oomycete Genomes: Insights into Biology, Pathology, and Evolution

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1304-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard S. Judelson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Sequence ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Gene Fusions ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Eukaryotic Microbes ◽  
Genome Projects

ABSTRACT The eukaryotic microbes known as oomycetes are common inhabitants of terrestrial and aquatic environments and include saprophytes and pathogens. Lifestyles of the pathogens extend from biotrophy to necrotrophy, obligate to facultative pathogenesis, and narrow to broad host ranges on plants or animals. Sequencing of several pathogens has revealed striking variation in genome size and content, a plastic set of genes related to pathogenesis, and adaptations associated with obligate biotrophy. Features of genome evolution include repeat-driven expansions, deletions, gene fusions, and horizontal gene transfer in a landscape organized into gene-dense and gene-sparse sectors and influenced by transposable elements. Gene expression profiles are also highly dynamic throughout oomycete life cycles, with transcriptional polymorphisms as well as differences in protein sequence contributing to variation. The genome projects have set the foundation for functional studies and should spur the sequencing of additional species, including more diverse pathogens and nonpathogens.

scholarly journals Gene expression polymorphism underpins evasion of host immunity in an asexual lineage of the Irish potato famine pathogen

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Pais ◽  
Kentaro Yoshida ◽  
Artemis Giannakopoulou ◽  
Mathieu A. Pel ◽  
Liliana M. Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
South American ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Asexual Lineage ◽  
Irish Famine ◽  
Eukaryotic Microbes ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Potato Famine

Outbreaks caused by asexual lineages of fungal and oomycete pathogens are an expanding threat to crops, wild animals and natural ecosystems (Fisher et al. 2012,Kupferschmidt 2012). However, the mechanisms underlying genome evolution and phenotypic plasticity in asexual eukaryotic microbes remain poorly understood (Seidl and Thomma 2014). Ever since the 19th century Irish famine, the oomycete Phytophthora infestans has caused recurrent outbreaks on potato and tomato crops that have been primarily caused by the successive rise and migration of pandemic asexual lineages (Cooke et al. 2012, Yoshida et al. 2013,Yoshida et al. 2014). Here, we reveal patterns of genomic and gene expression variation within a P. infestans asexual lineage by compared sibling strains belonging to the South American EC-1 clone that has dominated Andean populations since the 1990s (Forbes et al. 1997, Oyarzun et al. 1998, Delgado et al. 2013, Yoshida et al. 2013, Yoshida et al. 2014). We detected numerous examples of structural variation, nucleotide polymorphisms and gene conversion within the EC-1 clone. Remarkably, 17 genes are not expressed in one of the two EC-1 isolates despite apparent absence of sequence polymorphisms. Among these, silencing of an effector gene was associated with evasion of disease resistance conferred by a potato immune receptor. These results highlight the exceptional genetic and phenotypic plasticity that underpins host adaptation in a pandemic clonal lineage of a eukaryotic plant pathogen.

Systematic engineering of phytochelatin synthesis and arsenic transport for enhanced arsenic accumulation inE. coli

2009 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Seung Hyun Kang ◽  
Wonkyu Lee ◽  
Ashok Mulchandani ◽  
Wilfred Chen
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Accumulation ◽  
Arsenic Transport

Enrichment of specific bacterial and eukaryotic microbes in the rhizosphere of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) through root exudates

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejian Mao ◽  
Xiangzhen Li ◽  
Eoghan M. Smyth ◽  
Anthony C. Yannarell ◽  
Roderick I. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Panicum Virgatum L ◽  
Eukaryotic Microbes

Arsenic transport between water and sediments

1992 ◽  
pp. 533-544
Author(s):  
Jack Cornett ◽  
Lorna Chant ◽  
Bert Risto
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Transport
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