Proposed Recommendations on Ion-Selective Electrode Determinations of the Substance Concentration of Sodium, Potassium and Ionized Calcium in Serum Plasma or Whole Blood

1989 ◽  
pp. 277-293
Author(s):  
Anton H. J. Maas
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Substance Concentration

Determination of inorganic fluoride in blood with a fluoride ion-selective electrode.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kissa
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Inorganic Fluoride ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Cell Potential ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode

Abstract Inorganic fluoride in whole blood, serum, or plasma has been determined with a fluoride ion-selective electrode by adding the 0.5- to 2.0-mL sample to 20 mL of water containing a buffer and fluoride, 25 micrograms/L. The fluoride concentration in the sample is calculated from the resulting cell potential difference recorded after equilibrating for 10 min. This novel method has the advantages of simplicity, accuracy, and high precision, standard deviations for 5 to 7 replicate determinations of fluoride ranging from +/- 1.7 to +/- 2.4 micrograms/L. For whole blood from donors living in an area with fluorinated drinking water, the F- concentration was 20 to 60 micrograms/L.

Evaluation of an Automated Selective-Ion Electrolyte Analyzer for Measuring Na+, K+, and Cl- in Serum

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A Lustgarten ◽  
Robert E Wenk ◽  
Charles Byrd ◽  
Barbara Hall
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Comparison Methods ◽  
Flame Emission ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation

Abstract An automated analyzer, in which ion-selective electrodes are used to measure sodium, potassium, and chloride in serum, was assessed in a clinical setting. Day-to-day precision, evaluated by replicate analysis of serum pools, yielded the following coefficients of variation for sodium, potassium, and chloride, respectively: 0.99%, 1.39%, and 0.67%. Values for chloride in both commercial control sera and aqueous standards were linearly related to concentration over a range of at least 10-220 mmol/liter; however, results with the potassium and sodium electrodes showed slight curvilinearity over the range 0-24 and 10-220 mmol/liter, respectively. Mean recoveries for sodium, potassium, and chloride for concentrations covering the clinically important ranges were 98.3-102.3%, 95.9-100.0%, and 97.8-102.0%. The only important differences between experimental and comparison methods in sera were falsely high values obtained with the ion-selective electrode for K+ (caused by supranormal ammonia concentrations) and for Cl- (caused by administered bromide). Mean sodium and chloride values obtained with the electrode did not differ significantly from values obtained by flame-emission photometry or coulometry for duplicate patients’ specimens, but potassium values did differ slightly (P = .05).

scholarly journals Perbandingan Kadar Kalium Packed Red Cell Berdasarkan Lama Penyimpanan Di Bank Darah RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Tuti Asryani ◽  
Rismawati Yaswir ◽  
Zelly Dia Rofinda
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Selective Electrode

Packed Red Cell (PRC) adalah komponen darah yang didapat setelah sebagian besar plasma dipisahkan dari whole blood dengan berbagai metode dan memiliki nilai hematokrit sebesar 80%. Packed Red Cell disimpan pada suhu 2-6 °C selama 21-42 hari tergantung larutan antikoagulan-pengawet yang digunakan. Aktivitas pompa Na+/K+ATPase sangat dipengaruhi oleh suhu. Pompa menjadi inaktif pada suhu 4 °C menyebabkan kebocoran kalium ke plasma akibat kegagalan pompa Na+/K+ATPase, proses ini terjadi perlahan dan terus menerus sehingga kadar kalium pada plasma PRC meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu penyimpanan. Hiperkalemia merupakan komplikasi tersering transfusi darah simpan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan kadar kalium PRC pada penyimpanan 4-14 hari dan > 14 hari di Bank Darah RSUP dr.M.Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini adalah suatu penelitian analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian ini dimulai bulan September 2016 sampai Agustus 2017. Kadar kalium diperiksa dengan metode ion selective electrode indirect (ISE indirect). Analisis data menggunakan uji t, bermakna bila p<0,005. Rerata kadar kalium pada penyimpanan 4-14 hari 3,9 (0,8) mmol/L dan penyimpanan >14 hari 8,7 (4,9) mmol/L. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata kadar kalium PRC berdasarkan lama penyimpanan menggunakan uji t dengan rerata kadar kalium tertinggi pada penyimpanan > 14 hari (p = 0,000).  Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar kalium PRC berdasarkan lama penyimpanan dengan rerata kadar kalium PRC lebih tinggi pada penyimpanan > 14 hari.

Discrepancies Between Sodium Concentrations Measured by the Kodak Ektachem 700 and by Dilutional and Direct Ion-Selective Electrode Analyzers

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2419-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Stone ◽  
J R Moriguchi ◽  
D R Notto ◽  
P E Murphy ◽  
C J Dass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract We have identified rare (approximately 0.2% of all samples), but clinically significant, discrepancies between serum or plasma sodium concentrations measured with the Kodak Ektachem 700's direct ion-selective electrode (ISE) method and concentrations measured with two other analyzers: the Beckman Synchron CX3's dilutional ISE instrument and the Radiometer KNA2 instrument for sodium-potassium analysis by the direct ISE method. The differences do not appear to be related to any previously identified sources of discrepancy, such as variations in triglycerides, bicarbonate, total protein, albumin, or gamma-globulin, the presence of paraproteins, or interference by benzalkonium chloride from heparinized catheters. They occurred despite the use of Gen 04 reference fluid on the Ektachem. We could not identify any drug or family of drugs that the patients had taken in common and that might influence the results. Until this problem is resolved, Ektachem users should be aware of the potential for discrepancies of &gt; 6 mmol/L in measurements of sodium concentrations.

Electrochemical determination of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and hemolysis.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
R K Kobos ◽  
S D Abbott ◽  
H W Levin ◽  
H Kilkson ◽  
D R Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Oxygen Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Determination ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ion Production ◽  
Method R

Abstract Novel electrochemical methods have been developed for determination of total hemoglobin, hematocrit, and detection of hemolysis in whole blood. Hemoglobin is measured through its peroxidase activity, a fluoride ion-selective electrode being used to monitor the rate of fluoride ion production from the oxidation of an organofluorine compound. Results agree well with those obtained with the cyanmethemoglobin method (r = 0.970). Hematocrit is determined from the ratio of the sodium ion concentrations measured with an ion-selective electrode before and after lysis of the erythrocytes. Results by this and the microhematocrit method correlated well (r = 0.987). Hemolysis in a whole-blood sample is detected by using an oxygen electrode to measure the oxygen released when hemoglobin in plasma is oxidized.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a New Automated Routine Measurement for Serum Adjusted Ionized Calcium (at pH 7.4) in Patients Suspected of Calcium Metabolic Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-715
Author(s):  
Dår K Kur ◽  
Thore Hillig ◽  
Steen I Hansen ◽  
Tina Goharian ◽  
Majbritt L Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Poor Agreement ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Routine Measurement ◽  
Deming Regression ◽  
Multichannel Instrument

Abstract Background Total calcium is a less accurate test in predicting ionized calcium (Ca2+) in patients suspected of calcium metabolic disease. Nevertheless, total calcium continues to be used as routine measurement instead of adjusted Ca2+ (at pH 7.4). In the current study we evaluate a new multichannel instrument, the ISE Module E1200 for adjusted Ca2+ (at pH 7.4), containing three different ion-selective electrode (ISE) units. Methods Serum from 1350 patients was compared to the ABL835 flex and KoneLab. Total calcium was also evaluated on the Dimension Vista 1500 system. Correlations between instruments were assessed by Deming regression and degree of agreement by Cohen’s kappa (κ). Results Analytical imprecisions for the three ISE units for adjusted Ca2+ (at pH 7.4) was between 0.36% and 2.52%, and for pH between 0.32% and 3.24%. Results were comparable for each ISE unit (r = 0.797–0.917; all P &lt; 0.0001) and in high-throughput settings (r = 0.871; P &lt; 0.0001). The degree of agreement between instruments was moderate to good (κ  =  0.52–0.77). In contrast, there was a very poor agreement (κ = −0.14) for total calcium with discrepancy in 53.4% of the samples. Conclusions The new ISE Module E1200 is comparable with the ABL835 flex and KoneLab 30i and therefore may be used for routine analysis of serum adjusted Ca2+ (at pH 7.4). The measured adjusted Ca2+ (at pH 7.4) was less comparable with very poor agreement to total calcium measured on the Dimension Vista 1500 system.

IFCC Recommended Reference Method for the Determination of the Substance Concentration of Ionized Calcium in Undiluted Serum, Plasma or Whole Blood

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Burnett ◽  
Torben F. Christiansen ◽  
Arthur K. Covington ◽  
Niels Fogh-Andersen ◽  
Wolf R. Külpmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Substance Concentration ◽  
Undiluted Serum
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