Trends in Pesticide Use Since the Introduction of Genetically Engineered Crops

2003 ◽  
pp. 43-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Carpenter ◽  
Leonard P. Gianessi
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops

scholarly journals Genetically engineered crops and pesticide use in U.S. maize and soybeans

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. e1600850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Perry ◽  
Federico Ciliberto ◽  
David A. Hennessy ◽  
GianCarlo Moschini
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Weed Resistance ◽  
Environmental Impact Quotient ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Insect Resistant

The widespread adoption of genetically engineered (GE) crops has clearly led to changes in pesticide use, but the nature and extent of these impacts remain open questions. We study this issue with a unique, large, and representative sample of plot-level choices made by U.S. maize and soybean farmers from 1998 to 2011. On average, adopters of GE glyphosate-tolerant (GT) soybeans used 28% (0.30 kg/ha) more herbicide than nonadopters, adopters of GT maize used 1.2% (0.03 kg/ha) less herbicide than nonadopters, and adopters of GE insect-resistant (IR) maize used 11.2% (0.013 kg/ha) less insecticide than nonadopters. When pesticides are weighted by the environmental impact quotient, however, we find that (relative to nonadopters) GE adopters used about the same amount of soybean herbicides, 9.8% less of maize herbicides, and 10.4% less of maize insecticides. In addition, the results indicate that the difference in pesticide use between GE and non-GE adopters has changed significantly over time. For both soybean and maize, GT adopters used increasingly more herbicides relative to nonadopters, whereas adopters of IR maize used increasingly less insecticides. The estimated pattern of change in herbicide use over time is consistent with the emergence of glyphosate weed resistance.

Paradoxical EU agricultural policies on genetically engineered crops

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Masip ◽  
Maite Sabalza ◽  
Eduard Pérez-Massot ◽  
Raviraj Banakar ◽  
David Cebrian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops

Increased Production of Nutriments by Genetically Engineered Crops

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (sup3) ◽  
pp. 199S-204S ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sévenier ◽  
Ingrid M. van der Meer ◽  
Raoul Bino ◽  
Andries J. Koops
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops

Impacts of genetically engineered crops on non-target herbivores

2001 ◽  
pp. 143-165
Author(s):  
John Obrycki ◽  
John Losey ◽  
Ruth Hufbauer
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops

scholarly journals Understanding the Plant Aphid Interaction: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Waghmare Kranti ◽  
Ghayal Nivedita ◽  
Mahesh Shindikar
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Indirect Defense ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Strategic Ability ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops ◽  
Plant Sap

The interaction between plant-aphid is phenomenal and complex. Aphids possess efficient mouthparts which feed on plant sap intensively. Adaptation to host plants and successful feeding is achieved through the strategic ability of aphids to reproduce sexually and asexually (parthenogenesis). Aphid infestation damages the plant in diverse ways and induces plant defense. Though plant elicit direct and indirect defense to resist aphid feeding, the effectiveness of plant resistance depends largely on the aphid infestation rate and quality of the host plant. To control aphid infestation and plant damage, dependency on insecticides is undesirable due to insecticidal resistance of aphids and environmental pollution. The approach towards the development of the genetically engineered crops which are aphid resistant can be the considerable potential to aphid control..

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