The Use of Inhibitors of Protein Kinases and Protein Phosphatases to Investigate the Role of Protein Phоsphorylation in Platelet Activation

1993 ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve P. Watson ◽  
Robert A. Blake ◽  
Trevor Lane ◽  
Trevor R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Protein Phosphatases

The role of protein kinases and protein phosphatases in the regulation of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum function

1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
EvangeliaG. Kranias ◽  
RameshC. Gupta ◽  
Gyorgyi Jakab ◽  
HaeWon Kim ◽  
NancyA.E. Steenaart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Protein Phosphatases ◽  
Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Role of protein phosphatases in the regulation of human mast cell and basophil function

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (6) ◽  
pp. C1021-C1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Peirce ◽  
Michael R. Munday ◽  
Peter T. Peachell
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Protein Phosphatases ◽  
Human Mast Cell ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Phosphatase Inhibitors ◽  
Extracellular Stimuli

Many extracellular stimuli mediate physiological change in target cells by altering the phosphorylation state of proteins. These alterations result from the dynamic interplay of protein kinases, which mediate phosphorylations, and protein phosphatases, which catalyse dephosphorylations. The antigen-mediated aggregation of high-affinity receptors for IgE on mast cells and basophils triggers rapid changes in the phosphorylation of many proteins and culminates in the generation of inflammatory mediators involved in allergic inflammatory diseases such as asthma. Although protein kinases have an established role in this process, less is known about the involvement of protein phosphatases. This imbalance has been redressed in recent years by the availability of phosphatase inhibitors, such as okadaic acid, that facilitate investigations of the role of protein phosphatases in intact cells. Here we review a number of studies in which inhibitors of protein phosphatases have been used to shed light on the potential importance of these enzymes in the regulation of human mast cell and human basophil function.

Role of protein kinases, protein phosphatases and extracellular signals in the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Inge Grundke-Iqbal ◽  
Yoshitaka Tatebayashi ◽  
Cheng-Xin Gong ◽  
Jun Zhong ◽  
Niloufar Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Protein Phosphatases ◽  
Extracellular Signals ◽  
Abnormal Hyperphosphorylation

On The Mechanism Of Heparin-Induced Potentiation Of Platelet Aggregation

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Yamamoto ◽  
K Watanabe ◽  
Y Ando ◽  
H Iri ◽  
N Fujiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Marked Enhancement ◽  
Matrix Bound ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets ◽  
Plasma Heparin

It has been suggested that heparin caused potentiation of aggregation induced by ADP or epinephrine. The exact mechanism of heparin-induced platelet activation, however, remained unknown. In this paper, we have investigated the role of anti-thrombin III ( AT ) in heparin-induced platelet activation using purified AT and AT depleted plasma. When ADP or epinephrine was added to citrated PRP one minute after addition of heparin ( 1 u/ml, porcine intestinal mucosal heparin, Sigma Co. USA ), marked enhancement of platelet aggregation was observed, compared with the degree of aggregation in the absence of heparin. However, in platelet suspensions prepared in modified Tyrode’s solution, heparin exhibited no potentiating effect on platelet aggregation induced by epinephrine or ADP. Potentiation of epinephrine- or ADP-induced platelet aggregation by heparin was demonstrated when purified AT was added to platelet suspensions at a concentration of 20 μg/ml. AT depleted plasma, which was prepared by immunosorption using matrix-bound antibodies to AT, retained no AT, while determination of α1-antitrypsinα2- macroglobulin and fibrinogen in AT depleted plasma produced values which corresponded to those of the original plasma when dilution factor was taken into account. The activities of coagulation factors were also comparable to those of the original plasma. Heparin exhibited potentiating effect on ADP- or epinephrine-induced aggregation of platelets in original plasma, but no effect in AT depleted plasma. When purified AT was added back to AT depleted plasma at a concentration of 20 μg/ml, potentiation of platelet aggregation by heparin was clearly demonstrated.Our results suggest that effect of heparin on platelet aggregation is also mediated by anti-thrombin III.

A REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS AVAILABLE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Kaynat Fatima ◽  
Syed Tasleem Raza ◽  
Ale Eba ◽  
Sanchita Srivastava ◽  
Farzana Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Treatment

The function of protein kinases is to transfer a γ-phosphate group from ATP to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues. Many of these kinases are linked to the initiation and development of human cancer. The recent development of small molecule kinase inhibitors for the treatment of different types of cancer in clinical therapy has proven successful. Significantly, after the G-protein-coupled receptors, protein kinases are the second most active category of drug targets. Imatinib mesylate was the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), approved for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. Imatinib induces appropriate responses in ~60% of patients; with ~20% discontinuing therapy due to sensitivity, and ~20% developing drug resistance. The introduction of newer TKIs such as, nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib has provided patients with multiple options. Such agents are more active, have specific profiles of side effects and are more likely to reach the necessary milestones. First-line treatment decisions must be focused on CML risk, patient preferences and comorbidities. Given the excellent result, half of the patients eventually fail to seek first-line treatment (due to discomfort or resistance), with many of them needing a third or even further therapy lines. In the present review, we will address the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia.

Role of Calcium in Platelet Activation: Novel Insights and Pharmacological Implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Periklis Davlouros ◽  
Ioanna Xanthopoulou ◽  
Nikolaos Mparampoutis ◽  
Georgios Giannopoulos ◽  
Spyridon Deftereos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation

Lipopolysaccharide induces platelet activation in HIV patients: the role of different viral load patterns

HIV Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Nocella ◽  
Ivano Mezzaroma ◽  
Vittoria Cammisotto ◽  
Valentina Castellani ◽  
Cinzia Milito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Hiv Patients
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