scholarly journals Activity of Chemolithotrophic Nitrifying Bacteria under Stress in Natural Soils

1995 ◽  
pp. 275-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Laanbroek ◽  
J. W. Woldendorp
1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Jancarkova ◽  
Tove A. Larsen ◽  
Willi Gujer

A project investigating the dynamics of self-purification processes in a shallow stream is carried out. Effects of the concentration gradient due to the distance to the pollution source, of hydraulic conditions in the river bed and of storm floods on the distribution of nitrifying bacteria were studied with the help of laboratory and field experiments. Nitrifiers density on the surface of the stream bed increased rapidly up to a distance of 300 m from the WWTP indicating possible competition of the nitrifiers with the heterotrophic bacteria close to the WWTP. Afterwards a slight decrease in the downstream direction was observed. In vertical profiles, higher bacterial densities were found at sites with rapid infiltration of channel water to the stream bed than at sites with no exchange between channel water and stream bed water or where stream bed water exfiltrated. A major flood event scoured the nitrifiers nearly totally from the surface of the river bed. Major floods belong so to the most dominant processes controlling self-purification in shallow streams. Minor floods, however, don't scour bacteria in the depth of the stream bed that could then be important for the self-purification processes.


2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Noda ◽  
H. Ikuta ◽  
Y. Ebie ◽  
A. Hirata ◽  
S. Tsuneda ◽  
...  

Fluorescent antibody technique by the monoclonal antibody method is very useful and helpful for the rapid quantification and in situ detection of the specific bacteria like nitrifiers in a mixed baxterial habitat such as a biofilm. In this study, twelve monoclonal antibodies against Nitrosomonas europaea (IFO14298) and sixteen against Nitrobacter winogradskyi (IFO14297) were raised from splenocytes of mice (BALB/c). It was found that these antibodies exhibited little cross reactivity against various kinds of heterotrophic bacteria. The direct cell count method using monoclonal antibodies could exactly detect and rapidly quantify N. europaea and N. winogradskyi. Moreover, the distribution of N. europaea and N. winogradskyi in a biofilm could be examined by in situ fluorescent antibody technique. It was shown that most of N. winogradskyi existed near the surface part and most of N. europaea existed at the inner part of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel pellet, which had entrapped activated sludge and used in a landfill leachate treatment reactor. It was suggested that this monoclonal antibody method was utilized for estimating and controlling the population of nitrifying bacteria as a quick and favorable tool.


Author(s):  
Knapp Karin Norrfors ◽  
Vesna Micić ◽  
Olga Borovinskaya ◽  
Frank von der Kammer ◽  
Thilo Hofmann ◽  
...  

Short, saturated packed columns are used frequently to estimate the attachment efficiency (α) of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in relatively homogeneous porous media, but a combined experimental and theoretical approach to...


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 101373
Author(s):  
Lucie Svobodová ◽  
Karel Havlíček ◽  
Magda Nechanická ◽  
Roman Špánek ◽  
Brigita Kolčavová Sirková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tejo Prakash ◽  
Neetu Sharma ◽  
Ranjana Prakash ◽  
Raghunath Acharya
Keyword(s):  

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