Possible Implication of N. Parabrachialis in Opioid-Mediated Respiratory Suppression Induced by Thin-Fiber Muscular Afferents

1992 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Takao Kumazawa ◽  
Taijiro Hirano ◽  
Eiko Tadaki ◽  
Yasuko Kozaki ◽  
Kunihiro Eguchi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Fiber

A Lightweight Tangible 3D Interface for Interactive Visualization of Thin Fiber Structures

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2802-2809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bret Jackson ◽  
Tung Yuen Lau ◽  
David Schroeder ◽  
Kimani C. Toussaint ◽  
Daniel F. Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Visualization ◽  
Thin Fiber

scholarly journals A Review: Electrospinning and Electrospinning Nanofibre Technology, Process & Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-538
Author(s):  
Somesh S. Bhagure ◽  
Dr. Adarsh R. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Early History ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Thin Fiber ◽  
Filtration Membranes ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Catalytic Supports ◽  
Remarkable Progress

Electrospinning is a versatile and viable technique for ultra-thin fiber generation. Remarkable progress has been made with regard to the development of Electrospinning methods and the engineering of Electrospinning Nanofibre to suit or enable different applications. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of Electrospinning, including principles, methods, materials and applications. We begin with a brief introduction to the early history of Electrospinning, followed by a discussion of its principle and its typical apparatus. Subsequently, we discuss the applications of electrospun Nanofibre, including their use as smart mattresses, filtration membranes, catalytic supports, energy harvesting / conversion / storage components, and photonic and electronic devices, as well as biomedical scaffolds. We highlight the most relevant and recent developments in the application of electrospun Nanofibre by focusing on the most representative examples.

High concentrations of 17β-estradiol attenuate the exercise pressor reflex in male cats

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra M. Schmitt ◽  
Marc P. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Muscle Afferents ◽  
Central Command ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Thin Fiber ◽  
Exercise Pressor Reflex ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Pressor Reflex ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Decerebrate Cats

Previously, intravenous injection of 17β-estradiol in decerebrate male cats was found to attenuate central command but not the exercise pressor reflex. This latter finding was surprising because the dorsal horn, the spinal site receiving synaptic input from thin-fiber muscle afferents, is known to contain estrogen receptors. We were prompted, therefore, to reexamine this issue. Instead of injecting 17β-estradiol intravenously, we applied it topically to the L7 and S1 spinal cord of male decerebrate cats. We found that topical application (150–200 μl) of 17β-estradiol in concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μg/ml had no effect on the exercise pressor reflex, whereas a concentration of 10 μg/ml attenuated the reflex. We conclude that, in male cats, estrogen can only attenuate the exercise pressor reflex in concentrations that exceed the physiological level.

Delayed poststimulus decrease of phrenic motoneuron output produced by phrenic nerve afferent stimulation

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Road ◽  
S. Osborne ◽  
Y. Wakai
Keyword(s):  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Thin Fiber ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Muscle Afferent ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Phrenic Motoneuron ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Stimulation Of

The immediate effects of phrenic afferent nerve activation on ventilation have been shown to be both excitatory and inhibitory. Long-lasting inhibitory effects on respiratory motoneuron output have been reported after stimulation of afferent nerves from limb muscles. However, whether respiratory muscle afferent nerves can produce this effect is unknown. We therefore hypothesized that activation of phrenic afferent nerves may produce a prolonged decrease of respiratory motoneuron output. Six alpha-chloralose-anesthetized dogs were studied after vagotomy and bilateral carotid sinus nerve section. The dogs were paralyzed, and end-tidal CO2 was controlled by mechanical ventilation. The proximal end of the cut thoracic phrenic nerve was electrically stimulated for 1 min at intensities that produced activation of thin-fiber afferents. The contralateral efferent phrenic integrated electroneurogram (ENG) was recorded. During stimulation, phrenic ENG activity increased. ENG activity was recorded during recovery and reached a peak decrease compared with control of 19 +/- 11% (SD) 9.0 +/- 6 min after stimulation and returned to control after 30 min. A qualitatively similar response was seen after stimulation of the gastrocnemius nerve. We conclude that activation of thin-fiber afferents in the phrenic nerve can produce a delayed and prolonged decrease of respiratory motoneuron output similar to that of limb muscle afferent nerves.

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