Manipulation and Assessment of Gut Microbiome for Metabolic Studies

2014 ◽  
pp. 449-469
Author(s):  
Sarang N. Satoor ◽  
Deepak P. Patil ◽  
Holly D. Kristensen ◽  
Mugdha V. Joglekar ◽  
Yogesh Shouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Studies

Folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies additively impaired memory function and disturbed the gut microbiota in amyloid-β infused rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunmin Park ◽  
Sunna Kang ◽  
Da Sol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12

Abstract. Folate and vitamin B12(V-B12) deficiencies are associated with metabolic diseases that may impair memory function. We hypothesized that folate and V-B12 may differently alter mild cognitive impairment, glucose metabolism, and inflammation by modulating the gut microbiome in rats with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like dementia. The hypothesis was examined in hippocampal amyloid-β infused rats, and its mechanism was explored. Rats that received an amyloid-β(25–35) infusion into the CA1 region of the hippocampus were fed either control(2.5 mg folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-CON, n = 10), no folate(0 folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FA, n = 10), no V-B12(2.5 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-V-B12, n = 10), or no folate plus no V-B12(0 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FAB12, n = 10) in high-fat diets for 8 weeks. AD-FA and AD-VB12 exacerbated bone mineral loss in the lumbar spine and femur whereas AD-FA lowered lean body mass in the hip compared to AD-CON(P < 0.05). Only AD-FAB12 exacerbated memory impairment by 1.3 and 1.4 folds, respectively, as measured by passive avoidance and water maze tests, compared to AD-CON(P < 0.01). Hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroinflammation were attenuated in AD-CON compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-FAB12 impaired the signaling (pAkt→pGSK-3β) and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels the most among all groups. AD-CON decreased glucose tolerance by increasing insulin resistance compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-VB12 and AD-FAB12 increased insulin resistance by 1.2 and 1.3 folds, respectively, compared to the AD-CON. AD-CON and Non-AD-CON had a separate communities of gut microbiota. The relative counts of Bacteroidia were lower and those of Clostridia were higher in AD-CON than Non-AD-CON. AD-FA, but not V-B12, separated the gut microbiome community compared to AD-CON and AD-VB12(P = 0.009). In conclusion, folate and B-12 deficiencies impaired memory function by impairing hippocampal insulin signaling and gut microbiota in AD rats.

Metabolic studies of marine sterols by Copepods

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Giner ◽  
GH Wikfors ◽  
RP Hassett
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Studies

Nutritional intervention by a novel slow-release niacin formulation beneficially alters the gut microbiome and promotes systemic metabolic effects in humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S84
Author(s):  
D Fangmann ◽  
EM Theismann ◽  
K Türk ◽  
DM Schulte ◽  
I Relling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Metabolic Effects

Metabolic Studies of Vitamin K1-14C and Menadione-14C in the Normal and Hepatectomized Rats

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Losito ◽  
C. A Owen ◽  
E. V Flock ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Vitamin K3 ◽  
Metabolic Studies ◽  
Intact Rats

SummaryThe metabolism of vitamin K1- 14C and menadione-14C (vitamin K3-14C) was studied in normal and hepateetomized rats. After the administration of menadione, about 70% of the 14C was excreted in the urine in 24 hrs in both types of rats. Two urinary metabolites were identified by enzymatic hydrolysis: one a glucuronide and the other a sulfate of reduced menadione. Thus, the liver is not necessary for the metabolism of menadione. In the vitamin K1 studies, the intact rats excreted only 10% of the 14C and the hepatectomized rats excreted less than 0.5%. The retention of vitamin K1 may explain its superiority over menadione as an antidote for overdosages of oral anticoagulants.

Does the gut microbiome affect intestinal steroidogenesis?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Krainer ◽  
J Sommer ◽  
D Silbert-Wagner ◽  
S Racedo ◽  
K Panzitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome

METABOLIC STUDIES WITH METHANDROSTENOLONE (17β-HYDROXY-17α-METHYL-ANDROSTA-1,4-DIEN-3-ONE) IN HUMAN SUBJECTS

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Almqvist ◽  
D. Ikkos ◽  
R. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Calcium Retention ◽  
Metabolic Studies ◽  
Daily Dose

ABSTRACT The effect of graded doses (5, 10 and 25 mg/d of methandrostenolone and of 25 mg/d of testosterone propionate were compared in each of three metabolically stable adult subjects. Five mg/d of methandrostenolone induced nitrogen and calcium retention. The effects observed with larger doses of methandrostenolone (10 and 25 mg/d) were not quantitatively different from those with 5 mg/d. The nitrogen and calcium retention obtained with the daily dose of 5 mg of methandrostenolone was as great or greater than that induced by testosterone propionate (25 mg/d). Methandrostenolone induced creatinuria but had no effect on sodium and chloride balances and urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids.

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