A Semantic Approach for Geospatial Information Extraction from Unstructured Documents

Historic expeditions are events that are flavored by exploratory, scientific, military or geographic characteristics. Such events are often documented in literature, journey notes or personal diaries. A typical historic expedition involves multiple site visits and their descriptions contain spatiotemporal and attributive contexts. Expeditions involve movements in space that can be represented by triplet features (location, time and description). However, such features are implicit and innate parts of textual documents. Extracting the geospatial information from these documents requires understanding the contextualized entities in the text. To this end, we developed a semi-automated framework that has multiple Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing components to extract the spatiotemporal information from a two-volumes historic expedition gazetteer. Our framework has three basic components, namely, the Text Preprocessor, the Gazetteer Processing Machine and the JAPE (Java Annotation Pattern Engine) Transducer. We used the Brazilian Ornithological Gazetteer as an experimental dataset and extracted the spatial and temporal entities from entries that refer to three expeditioners’ site visits and mapped the trajectory of each expedition using the extracted information. Finally, one of the mapped trajectories was manually compared with a historical reference map of that expedition to assess the reliability of our framework. The reference map was manually prepared in previous research work by others.

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Semantic Approach to Public Health Situation Awareness Design and Methodology

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e307182005-062 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Parsa Mirhaji ◽

S. Lillibridge ◽

R. Richesson ◽

J. Zhang ◽

J. Smith

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Situation Awareness ◽

Semantic Approach ◽

Health Situation

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Control over spatial representation format enhances information extraction but prevents long-term learning.

Journal of Educational Psychology ◽

10.1037/edu0000364 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 112 (1) ◽

pp. 148-165

Author(s):

Julia Moritz ◽

Hauke S. Meyerhoff ◽

Stephan Schwan

Keyword(s):

Information Extraction ◽

Spatial Representation

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Linguistic Data Model for Natural Languages and Artificial Intelligence. Part 5. Introduction to Logic

Discourse ◽

10.32603/2412-8562-2020-6-3-109-117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 109-117

Author(s):

O. M. Polyakov

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Mathematical Logic ◽

Natural Language ◽

Semantic Interpretation ◽

General View ◽

World Model ◽

Semantic Approach ◽

Natural Languages ◽

The World ◽

Linguistic Aspect

Introduction. The article continues the series of publications on the linguistics of relations (hereinafter R–linguistics) and is devoted to an introduction to the logic of natural language in relation to the approach considered in the series. The problem of natural language logic still remains relevant, since this logic differs significantly from traditional mathematical logic. Moreover, with the appearance of artificial intelligence systems, the importance of this problem only increases. The article analyzes logical problems that prevent the application of classical logic methods to natural languages. This is possible because R-linguistics forms the semantics of a language in the form of world model structures in which language sentences are interpreted.Methodology and sources. The results obtained in the previous parts of the series are used as research tools. To develop the necessary mathematical representations in the field of logic and semantics, the formulated concept of the interpretation operator is used.Results and discussion. The problems that arise when studying the logic of natural language in the framework of R–linguistics are analyzed. These issues are discussed in three aspects: the logical aspect itself; the linguistic aspect; the aspect of correlation with reality. A very General approach to language semantics is considered and semantic axioms of the language are formulated. The problems of the language and its logic related to the most General view of semantics are shown.Conclusion. It is shown that the application of mathematical logic, regardless of its type, to the study of natural language logic faces significant problems. This is a consequence of the inconsistency of existing approaches with the world model. But it is the coherence with the world model that allows us to build a new logical approach. Matching with the model means a semantic approach to logic. Even the most General view of semantics allows to formulate important results about the properties of languages that lack meaning. The simplest examples of semantic interpretation of traditional logic demonstrate its semantic problems (primarily related to negation).

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