Functionalization of Graphene—A Critical Overview of its Improved Physical, Chemical and Electrochemical Properties

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Naresh Nalajala ◽  
Tathagata Kar ◽  
Alex Schechter
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Critical Overview

The Development of Conductive Pastes for Solar Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1201-1204
Author(s):  
Jung Ting Tsai ◽  
Chun Yuan Huang ◽  
Shung Tian Lin
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Glass Frit ◽  
Organic Binder ◽  
Semiconductor Substrate ◽  
Physical Chemical

Electrode pastes are used in solar cells for the formation of electrodes at both ends of the semiconductor substrate. The physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties of electrode pastes have important influences on the conversion efficiency and stability of the solar cells. Generally speaking, the constituents of electrode paste include organic binder, solvent, metallic conductive powders, glass frit, and some minor additives, all specially formulated to attain the properties of good electrical conductivity, wide sintering temperature, low warp, low pollution, and low cost.

ChemInform Abstract: Physical, Chemical and Electrochemical Properties of Pure and Doped Ceria

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (28) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Mogens Mogensen ◽  
Nigel M. Sammes ◽  
Geoff A. Tompsett
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Doped Ceria ◽  
Physical Chemical

scholarly journals Physical, Chemical, and Electrochemical Properties of Redox-Responsive Polybenzopyrrole as Electrode Material for Faradaic Energy Storage

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Begum ◽  
Salma Bilal ◽  
Anwar ul Haq Ali Shah ◽  
Philipp Röse
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Redox Responsive ◽  
Energy Conversion And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Polymerization Conditions ◽  
A Current

Polybenzopyrrole (Pbp) is an emerging candidate for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. There is a need to develop synthesis strategies for this class of polymers that can help improve its overall properties and make it as suitable for energy storage applications as other well-studied polymers in this substance class, such as polyaniline and polypyrrole. In this study, by synthesizing Pbp in surfactant-supported acidic medium, we were able to show that the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of Pbp-based electrodes are strongly influenced by the respective polymerization conditions. Through appropriate optimization of various reaction parameters, a significant enhancement of the thermal stability (up to 549.9 °C) and the electrochemical properties could be achieved. A maximum specific capacitance of 166.0 ± 2.0 F g−1 with an excellent cycle stability of 87% after 5000 cycles at a current density of 1 A g−1 was achieved. In addition, a particularly high-power density of 2.75 kW kg−1 was obtained for this polybenzopyrrole, having a gravimetric energy density of 17 Wh kg−1. The results show that polybenzopyrroles are suitable candidates to compete with other conducting polymers as electrode materials for next-generation Faradaic supercapacitors. In addition, the results of the current study can also be easily applied to other systems and used for adaptations or new syntheses of advanced hybrid/composite Pbp-based electrode materials.

scholarly journals Physical Chemical and Engineering Principles underlying the Construction and Electrochemical Properties of Man-Made Protein Maquettes

2013 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 489a
Author(s):  
Lee A. Solomon ◽  
Goutham Kodali ◽  
Christopher C. Moser ◽  
P. Leslie Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical

scholarly journals Physical, Chemical, and Electrochemical Properties of 3-Ethyl-4-propylsydnone

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noritoshi NANBU ◽  
Kohei YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Junya YAMAMOTO ◽  
Yukio SASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Protein Macromolecules

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 424-425
Author(s):  
Henry S. Slayter
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Transmission Electron

Electron microscopic methods have been applied increasingly during the past fifteen years, to problems in structural molecular biology. Used in conjunction with physical chemical methods and/or Fourier methods of analysis, they constitute powerful tools for determining sizes, shapes and modes of aggregation of biopolymers with molecular weights greater than 50, 000. However, the application of the e.m. to the determination of very fine structure approaching the limit of instrumental resolving power in biological systems has not been productive, due to various difficulties such as the destructive effects of dehydration, damage to the specimen by the electron beam, and lack of adequate and specific contrast. One of the most satisfactory methods for contrasting individual macromolecules involves the deposition of heavy metal vapor upon the specimen. We have investigated this process, and present here what we believe to be the more important considerations for optimizing it. Results of the application of these methods to several biological systems including muscle proteins, fibrinogen, ribosomes and chromatin will be discussed.

Seeking to uncover biology's chemical roots

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addy Pross
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
The Road ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Systems Chemistry ◽  
Biological World ◽  
Inanimate Matter ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Opening Up

Despite the considerable advances in molecular biology over the past several decades, the nature of the physical–chemical process by which inanimate matter become transformed into simplest life remains elusive. In this review, we describe recent advances in a relatively new area of chemistry, systems chemistry, which attempts to uncover the physical–chemical principles underlying that remarkable transformation. A significant development has been the discovery that within the space of chemical potentiality there exists a largely unexplored kinetic domain which could be termed dynamic kinetic chemistry. Our analysis suggests that all biological systems and associated sub-systems belong to this distinct domain, thereby facilitating the placement of biological systems within a coherent physical/chemical framework. That discovery offers new insights into the origin of life process, as well as opening the door toward the preparation of active materials able to self-heal, adapt to environmental changes, even communicate, mimicking what transpires routinely in the biological world. The road to simplest proto-life appears to be opening up.

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