Screening, Assessment, and Brief Interventions for Substance Use

2020 ◽  
pp. 317-338
Author(s):  
Michael A. Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Screening Assessment

Effects of Brief Interventions on Internalizing Symptoms and Substance Use in Youth: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riley McDanal ◽  
Deanna Parisi ◽  
Ijeoma Opara ◽  
Jessica L. Schleider
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Program Effects

Internalizing problems (e.g., depression, anxiety) and substance use are common among young people and often co-occur. However, youths face myriad barriers to access needed treatment, and existing evidence-based interventions tend to focus on internalizing problems or substance use, rather than both simultaneously. Brief interventions that target both problems may therefore be an efficient and accessible resource for alleviating youth difficulties; however, this possibility has been insufficiently evaluated. This systematic review evaluated the intervention characteristics and quality of six studies spanning 2015 to 2019 that examined intervention effects on internalizing and substance use outcomes. Based on independent calculations and author reports (respectively), 3-4 interventions significantly reduced youth internalizing symptoms; 3-5 reduced youth substance use; and 2-3 reduced symptoms in both domains. All six interventions identified substance use as a primary target. Four interventions were administered by interventionists to youths in inpatient, outpatient, primary care, or school settings. The remaining two studies delivered content through voicemail messages or an online design. Interventions ranged from ~15 minutes to 240 minutes. Results highlight the sparsity and heterogeneity of youth-focused brief interventions that have evaluated program effects on both internalizing problems and substance use outcomes, suggesting a clear need for integrated supports that are also designed for accessibility. Future investigations of brief youth-focused interventions should assess program effects on both internalizing and substance use outcomes; examine mechanisms driving the varied efficacy of identified interventions; and create, refine, and test interventions with potential to address co-occurring internalizing problems and substance use in young people.

scholarly journals Psychoactive substance use in patients with tuberculosis, treatment adherence, Brief Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Abreu ◽  
S S Espirito Santo ◽  
L Portela ◽  
T Barroso ◽  
A I Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Background Psychoactive substance use associated with tuberculosis therapy is an urgent public health issue in the contemporary world. Objective To characterize the profile and psychoactive substance use of patients undergoing tuberculosis treatment and to analyze the association between health-related variables, consumption, and treatment adherence, from the perspective of Brief Interventions. Methodology Descriptive transversal epidemiological study, carried out in primary care units, with 114 patients undergoing tuberculosis treatment, from June 2016 to July 2017. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were used. Results Smokers who drank alcohol (p = 0.058) and those who reported not having chronic diseases (p = 0.024) had a need to receive brief interventions. Cannabis use was more frequent among smokers (p = 0.009). With regard to cocaine use, a significant association was found between smoking and the number of chronic diseases. In this sample, 40% of smokers, 21.1% of alcohol drinkers, 10.5% of cannabis users, and 13.7% of cocaine/crack users adhered to treatment. Conclusions These results demonstrated the vulnerability of this population to psychoactive substance use based on treatment adherence and the importance of using Brief Interventions for monitoring, especially in primary care settings. Key messages The study showed an opportunity to apply the diagnostic strategy of brief intervention in this population in primary care. It showed an impact on the change in behavior of these patients, in view of greater adherence to treatment and improvement in quality of life.

Screening, Assessment, and Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Daley ◽  
Antoine Douaihy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Health Assessments ◽  
Motivation For Change ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Continued Use

Screening is a process used to identify individuals who may be at risk for a substance use problem by having them answer a few questions about their use of alcohol, tobacco, or other drugs. An extensive assessment of substance use disorders (SUDs) requires a multidimensional approach and differs from other mental health assessments in that detailed information is obtained on patterns of alcohol or other drug use, negative consequences of use, physiological and behavioral dependence, cognitive impairment, motivation for change, potential effects of substances on psychiatric disorders, attitudes and beliefs about continued use and abstinence, and the client’s strengths, resources, and social support networks. Diagnosis determines whether a client meets criteria for a SUD, which in turn may affect treatment planning and access to services. The best approach to diagnosis is through a comprehensive clinical interview and identifying criteria that match a client’s symptomatology.

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