scholarly journals Comparing satisfaction, alliance and intervention components in electronically delivered and in-person brief interventions for substance use among childbearing-aged women

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Loree ◽  
Kimberly A. Yonkers ◽  
Steven J. Ondersma ◽  
Kathryn Gilstad-Hayden ◽  
Steve Martino
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Electronically Delivered

Effects of Brief Interventions on Internalizing Symptoms and Substance Use in Youth: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riley McDanal ◽  
Deanna Parisi ◽  
Ijeoma Opara ◽  
Jessica L. Schleider
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Program Effects

Internalizing problems (e.g., depression, anxiety) and substance use are common among young people and often co-occur. However, youths face myriad barriers to access needed treatment, and existing evidence-based interventions tend to focus on internalizing problems or substance use, rather than both simultaneously. Brief interventions that target both problems may therefore be an efficient and accessible resource for alleviating youth difficulties; however, this possibility has been insufficiently evaluated. This systematic review evaluated the intervention characteristics and quality of six studies spanning 2015 to 2019 that examined intervention effects on internalizing and substance use outcomes. Based on independent calculations and author reports (respectively), 3-4 interventions significantly reduced youth internalizing symptoms; 3-5 reduced youth substance use; and 2-3 reduced symptoms in both domains. All six interventions identified substance use as a primary target. Four interventions were administered by interventionists to youths in inpatient, outpatient, primary care, or school settings. The remaining two studies delivered content through voicemail messages or an online design. Interventions ranged from ~15 minutes to 240 minutes. Results highlight the sparsity and heterogeneity of youth-focused brief interventions that have evaluated program effects on both internalizing problems and substance use outcomes, suggesting a clear need for integrated supports that are also designed for accessibility. Future investigations of brief youth-focused interventions should assess program effects on both internalizing and substance use outcomes; examine mechanisms driving the varied efficacy of identified interventions; and create, refine, and test interventions with potential to address co-occurring internalizing problems and substance use in young people.

scholarly journals Psychoactive substance use in patients with tuberculosis, treatment adherence, Brief Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Abreu ◽  
S S Espirito Santo ◽  
L Portela ◽  
T Barroso ◽  
A I Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Background Psychoactive substance use associated with tuberculosis therapy is an urgent public health issue in the contemporary world. Objective To characterize the profile and psychoactive substance use of patients undergoing tuberculosis treatment and to analyze the association between health-related variables, consumption, and treatment adherence, from the perspective of Brief Interventions. Methodology Descriptive transversal epidemiological study, carried out in primary care units, with 114 patients undergoing tuberculosis treatment, from June 2016 to July 2017. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were used. Results Smokers who drank alcohol (p = 0.058) and those who reported not having chronic diseases (p = 0.024) had a need to receive brief interventions. Cannabis use was more frequent among smokers (p = 0.009). With regard to cocaine use, a significant association was found between smoking and the number of chronic diseases. In this sample, 40% of smokers, 21.1% of alcohol drinkers, 10.5% of cannabis users, and 13.7% of cocaine/crack users adhered to treatment. Conclusions These results demonstrated the vulnerability of this population to psychoactive substance use based on treatment adherence and the importance of using Brief Interventions for monitoring, especially in primary care settings. Key messages The study showed an opportunity to apply the diagnostic strategy of brief intervention in this population in primary care. It showed an impact on the change in behavior of these patients, in view of greater adherence to treatment and improvement in quality of life.

Longitudinal Substance Use following an Emergency Department Visit for Cocaine-Associated Chest Pain

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purushottam B. Thapa ◽  
Maureen A. Walton ◽  
Rebecca Cunningham ◽  
Ronald F. Maio ◽  
Xiaotong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
One Year ◽  
Over Time

Substance abuse is a chronic, relapsing condition, yet some individuals over time seem to cease use for factors that are largely unclear. A life threatening episode of cocaine-associated chest pain requiring an emergency department (ED) visit may influence subsequent use. A consecutive cohort (n = 219) of patients who presented to a large, urban ED with cocaine-associated chest pain was interviewed at baseline, three months, six months, and 12 months to evaluate longitudinal rates of subsequent drug use. Overall, there was a significant decrease in cocaine use over time (baseline = 100.0%, three months = 56.5%, six months = 54.2%, and 12 months = 51.7%, p < .05 for baseline versus each follow-up interval). Findings suggest that substance use declines following an ED visit for cocaine-related chest pain. However, about half of the subjects were still using cocaine one year later. Future studies examining the potential impact of brief interventions or case management to intervene with this not-in-treatment ED population are warranted.

Brief Interventions for Substance-Use Disorder in Older Patients

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland C. Merchant ◽  
Francesca L. Beaudoin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Age Related

Substance-misuse brief interventions for older adults are structured interventions of relative brevity, although the purpose, number, and frequency of the intervention sessions can vary. Brief interventions provide initial linkage to appropriate follow-up care. This chapter provides an overview of brief interventions for substance misuse among older adults, a review of research examining the effectiveness of these interventions, and suggestions for research strategies on this topic. Limitations in the accuracy of screening instruments for alcohol and substance-use disorders in older adults are considered. We review age-related factors that influence the interventional needs of older adults. Contextual factors include medical and psychological conditions as well as cognitive decline and mobility challenges. We present preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of brief interventions for substance-use disorders in older adults. Future directions in research are explored, including the use of age-specific content to enhance outcomes from brief interventions.

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