scholarly journals Why IAU?

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Remus Pricopie
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
International Association ◽  
Academic Values ◽  
University Autonomy ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Global Organization ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Voice

AbstractWe all know that evaluation is a sophisticated science. However, when we talk about celebrating 70 years of the International Association of Universities (IAU), the word “sophisticated” gets an even deeper meaning. How do we evaluate the activity of a global organization, founded in 1950 by UNESCO, whose mission it is to be the voice of universities worldwide and the main defender of the two fundamental academic values: (i) academic freedom and (ii) university autonomy? Naturally, an anniversary is always an occasion to look back, just as it is natural to look ahead.

scholarly journals Conflict-Directed Backjumping Revisited

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 53-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Chen ◽  
P. Van Beek
Keyword(s):  
Constraint Satisfaction Problems ◽  
Local Consistency ◽  
Backtracking Search ◽  
Arc Consistency ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Variable Ordering ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Look ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Results

In recent years, many improvements to backtracking algorithms for solving constraint satisfaction problems have been proposed. The techniques for improving backtracking algorithms can be conveniently classified as look-ahead schemes and look-back schemes. Unfortunately, look-ahead and look-back schemes are not entirely orthogonal as it has been observed empirically that the enhancement of look-ahead techniques is sometimes counterproductive to the effects of look-back techniques. In this paper, we focus on the relationship between the two most important look-ahead techniques---using a variable ordering heuristic and maintaining a level of local consistency during the backtracking search---and the look-back technique of conflict-directed backjumping (CBJ). We show that there exists a ``perfect'' dynamic variable ordering such that CBJ becomes redundant. We also show theoretically that as the level of local consistency that is maintained in the backtracking search is increased, the less that backjumping will be an improvement. Our theoretical results partially explain why a backtracking algorithm doing more in the look-ahead phase cannot benefit more from the backjumping look-back scheme. Finally, we show empirically that adding CBJ to a backtracking algorithm that maintains generalized arc consistency (GAC), an algorithm that we refer to as GAC-CBJ, can still provide orders of magnitude speedups. Our empirical results contrast with Bessiere and Regin's conclusion (1996) that CBJ is useless to an algorithm that maintains arc consistency.

The value of online surveys: a look back and a look ahead

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 854-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel R. Evans ◽  
Anil Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Look

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a detailed and critical look at the evolution of online survey research since Evans and Mathur’s (2005) article on the value of online surveys. At that time, online survey research was in its early stages. Also covered are the present and future states of online research. Many conclusions and recommendations are presented. Design/methodology/approach The look back focuses on online surveys, strengths and weaknesses of online surveys, the literature on several aspects of online surveys and online survey best practices. The look ahead focuses on emerging survey technologies and methodologies, and new non-survey technologies and methodologies. Conclusions and recommendations are provided. Findings Online survey research is used more frequently and better accepted by researchers than in 2005. Yet, survey techniques are still regularly transformed by new technologies. Non-survey digital research is also more prominent than in 2005 and can better track actual behavior than surveys can. Hybrid surveys will be widespread in the future. Practical implications The paper aims to provide insights for researchers with different levels of online survey experience. And both academics and practitioners should gain insights. Social implications Adhering to a strong ethics code is vital to gain respondents’ trust and to produce valid results. Originality/value Conclusions and recommendations are offered in these specific areas: defining concepts, understanding the future role of surveys, developing and implementing surveys and a survey code of ethics. The literature review cites more than 200 sources.

Millennium Teachers in a Global Context

2011 ◽  
pp. 1288-1288
Author(s):  
Craig Kissock
Keyword(s):  
Global Context ◽  
Integrating Technology ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Technology In Learning

When preparing for a race, the coach will advise, “Do not look back at your competition; look forward to your goal.” Educators integrating technology into instruction often take this same view; they look ahead to win the race in preparing students to be effective in the use of technology in learning and in life.

Future Perspectives

2017 ◽  
pp. 1070-1096
Author(s):  
Peter Pabon ◽  
David M. Howard ◽  
Sten Ternström ◽  
Malte Kob ◽  
Gerhard Eckel
Keyword(s):  
Computer Music ◽  
Music Composition ◽  
Musical Performance ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Range Profile ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Virtual Acoustics ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Voice Range ◽  
The Voice

This chapter, through examining several emerging or continuing areas of research, serves to look ahead at possible ways in which humans, with the help of technology, may interact with each other vocally as well as musically. Some of the topic areas, such the use of the Voice Range Profile, hearing modeling spectrography, voice synthesis, distance masterclasses, and virtual acoustics, have obvious pedagogical uses in the training of singers. Others, such as the use of 3D printed vocal tracts and computer music composition involving the voice, may lead to unique new ways in which singing may be used in musical performance. Each section of the chapter is written by an expert in the field who explains the technology in question and how it is used, often drawing upon recent research led by the chapter authors.

Generic Drugs—A Look Back and a Look Ahead

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-202
Author(s):  
Leon Lachman ◽  
Salvatore Turco ◽  
James T. O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Generic Drug ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Drug Industry ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Look Back

This review includes the viewpoints of three pharmaceutical scientists tracing the origins of the generic drug industry, examining the recent generic drug controversies, and offering suggestions to hospital practitioners for coping with the controversies.

A Look Back and a Look Ahead

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. McClure
Keyword(s):  
Look Ahead ◽  
Look Back
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