The article explores individual approaches used to measure and evaluate the quality of financial state-ments: standardized assessment, accrual-based models (accrual quality), Beneise models (M-Score), in-dexes - the internal control method and the degree of accounting conservatism. The reason for the great dependence on the use of indirect measures (proxies for the quality of financial statements or stock prices) is that some of the qualities of financial statements are unobservable.
