Routes to Remember: Comparing Verbal Instructions and Sketch Maps

2014 ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Joy A. Anacta ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Angela Schwering
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Sketch Maps

IMPROVING INSTRUCTOR RESPONSE TO STUDENT E-MAILS USING TEMPLATE AND REMINDER INTERVENTIONS

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Elbeck ◽  
Minjung Song
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
E Mail

Student e-mails without the student’s name, message, file attachment, etc may impede a timely and thorough instructor response. To help resolve this issue, we apply template and reminder interventions to improve student e-mail format defined as the degree of agreement between a student’s e-mail format and an instructor provided template. A pilot study (Study 1) employing a sample of 36 online undergraduate marketing students concluded that instructor supplied e-mail format template significantly improved student e-mail format. Additional refinements were examined in Study 2 to test three instruction formats (verbal, separated graphic and verbal, and integrated graphic and verbal) and two levels of instruction reminders (once and three times) using a sample of 78 online undergraduate marketing students. Results show that integrated graphic and verbal instructions, and independently, reminder announcements improve student e-mail format. Results from the two studies are discussed in terms of pedagogical benefits for the marketing educator.

scholarly journals Impact of simple, specific, verbal instructions on the quality of bowel preparation in hospitalized patients undergoing colonoscopy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. E378-E387
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Triantafyllou ◽  
Paraskevas Gkolfakis ◽  
Alexandros Skamnelos ◽  
Georgia Diamantopoulou ◽  
Athanasios Dagas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and study aims Bowel preparation for colonoscopy is frequently inadequate in hospitalized patients. We explored the impact of specific verbal instructions on the quality of inpatients bowel preparation and factors associated with preparation failure. Patients and methods Randomized (1:1), two strata (mobilized vs. bedridden; 3:2) trial of consecutive inpatients from four tertiary centers, who received either specific, verbal instructions or the standard of care (SOC) ward instructions about bowel preparation. The rate of adequate bowel preparation (Boston Bowel Preparation Score [BBPS] ≥ 6, no segment < 2) comprised the primary endpoint. Mean BBPS score, good (BBPS score ≥ 7, no segment score < 2) and excellent (BBPS = 9) were among secondary endpoints. Results We randomized 300 inpatients (180 mobile) aged 71.7 ± 15.1 years in the intervention (49.7 %) and SOC (50.3 %) groups, respectively. Overall, more patients in the intervention group achieved adequate bowel preparation, but this difference did not reach statistical significance neither in the intention-to-treat [90/149 (60.4 %) vs. 82/151 (54.3 %); P = 0.29] nor in the per-protocol analysis [90/129 (69.8 %) vs. 82/132 (62.1 %); P = 0.19]. Overall BBPS score did not differ statistical significantly in the two groups, but the provision of specific verbal instructions was associated with significant higher rates of good (58.1 % vs. 43.2 %; P = 0.02) and excellent (31.8 % vs. 16.7 %; P = 0.004) bowel preparation compared to the SOC group. Administration of same-day bowel preparation and patient American Society of Anesthesiologists score > 2 were identified as risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation. Conclusions Provision of specific verbal instructions did not increase the rate of adequate bowel preparation in a population of mobilized and bedridden hospitalized patients.

Sketch Maps of France

1929 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Paul E. Jacob ◽  
Kullmer ◽  
Gerard
Keyword(s):  
Sketch Maps

Conclusions of the Parties in the Procedure of the Permanent Court of International Justice

1931 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Feller
Keyword(s):  
Civil Procedure ◽  
The Body ◽  
International Justice ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Sketch Maps

The Statute and Rules of the Permanent Court of International Justice are only remotely analogous to the detailed codes of civil procedure with which lawyers practising before municipal courts are familiar. The instruments governing the procedure of the Permanent Court are sketch maps rather than meticulously detailed charts for the procedural voyage. Nor is the body of tradition of international arbitral procedure sufficiently developed to furnish reliable guides in all circumstances. Of necessity, the practice of the court must develop out of the cases which come before it. The method of growth of its procedural law finds typical illustration in the question of the treatment, and, in particular of the amendment, of the conclusions of the parties.

On the Value of Sketch Maps

1955 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 416-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. McNee
Keyword(s):  
Sketch Maps
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