A Tipicity Concept for Data Analysis and Its Application to Cleft Lip and Palate

Objective: To estimate the cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) prevalence among births between 2006 and 2012 in Fangshan district of Beijing, China. Design: Surveillance data analysis. Setting: All hospitals that provide obstetric services in the district. Patients: The CL/P cases presented for this report were from 13 weeks’ gestation to 7 days postpartum. Main Outcome Measures: The CL/P prevalence was defined as the number of cases per 10 000 births, including live births and stillbirths at 28 weeks’ gestation or beyond. Results: The overall CL/P prevalence was 18.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.1-22.7) per 10 000 births. From 2006 to 2012, the CL/P prevalence was 19.3, 20.2, 10.9, 16.1, 17.5, 25.4, and 22.3 per 10 000 births; annually, no significant change was noted ( Pfor trend = .311). The prevalence of cleft palate, cleft lip, and cleft lip and palate were 3.4 (95% CI: 2.0-5.4), 6.2 (95% CI: 4.2-8.8), and 9.4 (95% CI: 6.9-12.4) per 10 000 births, respectively. The CL/P prevalence among the nonpermanent residents (31.4 per 10 000 births) was 2.31 times that of permanent residents (13.6 per 10 000 births). Among nonpermanent residents, the CL/P prevalence showed an upward trend over the study period ( Pfor trend = .036), that increased from 38.8 (95% CI: 16.5-76.6) per 10 000 births in 2006 to 54.6 (95% CI: 25.7-100.4) per 10 000 births in 2012. Conclusions: The overall CL/P prevalence was stable in the Fangshan district. However, the CL/P prevalence of the nonpermanent residents increased significantly.

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Data analysis of recent cleft lip and palate surgery in Korea using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.bjps.2020.08.087 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Young Woong Mo ◽

Dong Lark Lee

Keyword(s):

Health Insurance ◽

Data Analysis ◽

National Health Insurance ◽

National Health ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate

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A Simple and Precise Classification for Cleft Lip and Palate: A Five-Digit Numerical Recording System

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/06-140.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 465-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Qiang Liu ◽

Ming-Liang Yang ◽

Zeng-Jian Li ◽

Xiao-Feng Bai ◽

Xu-Kai Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Classification System ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Recording System ◽

New Classification ◽

Secondary Palate ◽

Primary Palate ◽

Medical University

Objective: Numerous methods have been developed for recording cleft lip and palate deformities, but none has been universally accepted due to limitations, inadequate description of the cleft deformities, and varying complexity. Design: The classification system introduced in this article is designed to describe detailed information of the cleft deformities with five-digit codes. The anatomic description of the cleft components is denoted with five Arabic numerals in order of right lip, right alveolus and primary palate, secondary palate, left alveolus and primary palate, and left lip. The extent of the cleft deformities is recorded using the numerals 0 to 4 (i.e., from intact to complete). Setting: Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University. Results: This new classification system allows a numerical description of any kind of complete cleft, incomplete cleft, asymmetry, and complex clefts with an intervening intact segment (all simulated cases). Conclusions: The simplicity and precision of this five-digit classification system make it easy to understand, and it can be used for computerized data analysis.

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A Tale of Two Systems: Beliefs and Practices of South African Muslim and Hindu Traditional Healers regarding Cleft Lip and Palate

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/06-113.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 642-648 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eleanor Ross

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

South African ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Cultural Influences ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Original Data ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Beliefs And Practices ◽

Individual Interviews

Objectives: This South African study compared the views of 15 Muslim and 8 Hindu traditional healers regarding the etiology and treatment of craniofacial clefts, reasons for people consulting with them, and collaboration with Western professionals. Data Analysis: The original data were collected via individual interviews. Secondary data analysis was conducted to highlight common themes. Results: Four Hindu and 12 Muslim healers believed that the condition was God sent. Both groups acknowledged the existence of various superstitions within their communities. For example, if a pregnant woman handled a sharp object during an eclipse, her infant could be born with a cleft. All Hindu healers also attributed clefts to karma. All the Muslim healers counseled patients and families. Fourteen referred people for medical help, 10 emphasized the importance of prayer, and 3 recommended the wearing of amulets containing a prayer. No Hindu healers provided direct treatment. Three advised parents to fast, six arranged fire and purification ceremonies in the temples, and three consulted the person's astrological chart to dispel any bad karma. Both groups of healers advised people to give to charity. Eight Hindu healers and eight Muslim healers believed that people consulted with them because of cultural influences and because they alleviated feelings of guilt. Four Hindu and 13 Muslim healers favored collaboration with Western practitioners. Conclusions: Findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive rehabilitation practices, collaboration, referrals, and information sharing between Eastern and Western health care practitioners.

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Treating Velopharyngeal Inadequacy Using Bilateral Buccal Flap Revision Palatoplasty

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_pers-sig5-2019-0005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 878-892

Author(s):

Joseph A. Napoli ◽

Linda D. Vallino

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

A Priori ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Before And After ◽

Buccal Flap

Purpose The 2 most commonly used operations to treat velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) are superiorly based pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, both of which may result in hyponasal speech and airway obstruction. The purpose of this article is to (a) describe the bilateral buccal flap revision palatoplasty (BBFRP) as an alternative technique to manage VPI while minimizing these risks and (b) conduct a systematic review of the evidence of BBFRP on speech and other clinical outcomes. A report comparing the speech of a child with hypernasality before and after BBFRP is presented. Method A review of databases was conducted for studies of buccal flaps to treat VPI. Using the principles of a systematic review, the articles were read, and data were abstracted for study characteristics that were developed a priori. With respect to the case report, speech and instrumental data from a child with repaired cleft lip and palate and hypernasal speech were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. Results Eight articles were included in the analysis. The results were positive, and the evidence is in favor of BBFRP in improving velopharyngeal function, while minimizing the risk of hyponasal speech and obstructive sleep apnea. Before surgery, the child's speech was characterized by moderate hypernasality, and after surgery, it was judged to be within normal limits. Conclusion Based on clinical experience and results from the systematic review, there is sufficient evidence that the buccal flap is effective in improving resonance and minimizing obstructive sleep apnea. We recommend BBFRP as another approach in selected patients to manage VPI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9919352

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