Arachis Gene Pools and Genetic Improvement in Groundnut

2016 ◽  
pp. 17-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurudh K. Singh ◽  
S. N. Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Gene Pools

scholarly journals The genome of Chenopodium quinoa

Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 542 (7641) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Jarvis ◽  
Yung Shwen Ho ◽  
Damien J. Lightfoot ◽  
Sandra M. Schmöckel ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Premature Stop Codon ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Ancestral Gene ◽  
World Food Security

Abstract Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) is a highly nutritious grain identified as an important crop to improve world food security. Unfortunately, few resources are available to facilitate its genetic improvement. Here we report the assembly of a high-quality, chromosome-scale reference genome sequence for quinoa, which was produced using single-molecule real-time sequencing in combination with optical, chromosome-contact and genetic maps. We also report the sequencing of two diploids from the ancestral gene pools of quinoa, which enables the identification of sub-genomes in quinoa, and reduced-coverage genome sequences for 22 other samples of the allotetraploid goosefoot complex. The genome sequence facilitated the identification of the transcription factor likely to control the production of anti-nutritional triterpenoid saponins found in quinoa seeds, including a mutation that appears to cause alternative splicing and a premature stop codon in sweet quinoa strains. These genomic resources are an important first step towards the genetic improvement of quinoa.

STATUS OF GENETIC IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME IN SHRIMPS– AN ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
A. ANIX VIVEK SANTHIYA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Improvement Programme

Caracterização da Peneira Média em Clones de Coffea canephora

REVISTA FIMCA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Darlan Darlan Sanches Barbosa Alves ◽  
Victor Mouzinho Spinelli ◽  
Marcos Santana Moraes ◽  
Carolina Augusto De Souza ◽  
Rodrigo da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Selection Of

Introdução: O estado de Rondônia se destaca como tradicional produtor de café, sendo o segundo maior produtor brasileiro de C. canephora. No melhoramento genético de C. canephora, a seleção de plantas de elevada peneira média está associada à bebida de qualidade superior. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade genética de clones de C. canephora para o tamanho dos grãos, mensurado a partir da avaliação da peneira média (PM). Materiais e Métodos: Para isso, foi conduzido ao longo de dois anos agrícolas experimento no campo experimental da Embrapa no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, para a avaliação da peneira média de 130 genótipos (clones) com características das variedades botânicas Conilon, Robusta e híbridos intervarietais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de quatro plantas por parcela. Resultados: Não houve resultados significativos para a interação clones X anos, indicando uma maior consistência no comportamento das plantas ao longo do tempo. Porém foram observadas diferenças significativas para o tamanho dos grãos entre os genótipos avaliados, possibilitando selecionar genótipos superiores. Conclusão: Os genótipos agruparam-se em cinco classes de acordo com o teste de média, subsidiando a caracterização de um gradiente de variabilidade da característica avaliada ABSTRACTIntroduction: Coffea canephora accounts for approximately 35% of the world's coffee production. The state of Rondônia stands out as a traditional coffee producer, being the second largest Brazilian producer of C. canephora. In the classical genetic improvement of C. anephora, the selection of plants of high average sieve is associated with a drink of superior quality. Objectives: The objective of this udy was to evaluate the genetic variability of Coffea canephora clones for the agronomic medium sieve (PM). Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Embrapa, municipality of OuroPreto do Oeste-RO, located at coordinates 10º44'53 "S and 62º12'57". One hundred thirty genotypes (clones) of botanical characteristics Conilon, Robusta and intervarietal hybrids were evaluated in the agricultural years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four blocks and four plants per plot, spacing 3.5 x 1.5 meters between plants. Results: Significant difference was found for the grain size. According to the F test, at 5% probability, the genotypes were grouped into five classes according to the mean test. Conclusion: The results obtained subsidized the characterization of a variability gradient of the evaluated trait.

Genetic Improvement of Root Growth and Its Relationship with Grain Yield of Wheat Cultivars in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Zhong-Wei TIAN ◽  
Yong-Hui FAN ◽  
Mei YIN ◽  
Fang-Rui WANG ◽  
Jian CAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Lower Yangtze

Contribution of CIMMYT Wheat Germplasm to Genetic Improvement of Grain Yield in Spring Wheat of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Xinjiang Pro-vinces

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1752-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong ZHANG ◽  
Shi-Zhao LI ◽  
Zhen-Lu WU ◽  
Wen-Xiong YANG ◽  
Ya-Xiong YU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wheat Germplasm

An Approach to the Genetic Improvement of Clonal Cultivars via Backcrossing

Crop Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Link ◽  
Albrecht E. Melchinger
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement
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