Genetic Diversity in Vegetable and Fruit Crops

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-125
Author(s):  
Sochinwechi Nwosisi ◽  
Kripa Dhakal ◽  
Dilip Nandwani ◽  
Joshua Ibukun Raji ◽  
Sarada Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fruit Crops

scholarly journals Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Mangifera indica L. Growing in Egypt

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Abdelsalam ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽  
Elsayed G. Ibrahem ◽  
Mohamed S. Elshikh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Diversity

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a fruit crops belong to the family Anacardiaceae and is the oldest cultivated tree worldwide. Cultivars maintained in Egypt have not been investigated previously. Mango was first brought to Egypt from South Asia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the genetic diversity within 28 mango cultivars. SSR and EST-SSR were used for optimizing germplasm management of mango cultivars. Significant variations were observed in morphological characteristics and genetic polymorphism, as they ranged from 0.71% to 100%. High diversity was confirmed as a pattern of morphological and genotypes data. Data from the present study may be used to calculate the mango relationship and diversity currently grown in Egypt.

METHODS OF MOLECULAR DNA MARKING FOR THE ASSESSING THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF STONE FRUIT CROPS

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.I. Suprun ◽  
◽  
S.V. Tokmakov ◽  
I.V. Stepanov ◽  
E.V. Lobodina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Fruit Crops

scholarly journals The role of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. in the origin, evolution and improvement of stone fruit cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
G. V. Eremin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Prunus Cerasifera ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Intraspecific Taxonomy ◽  
Intraspecific Classification

At Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR, as a result of collecting, studying, and selective use of myrobalan plum genetic diversity, the intraspecific taxonomy of the species Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. was clarified. Donors of traits significant for breeding were identified and, with their use, adaptable cultivars of myrobalan plum, Russian plum and clonal rootstocks of stone fruit plants were developed.Intraspecific classification of P. cerasifera is proposed, with the identified subspecies:subsp. cerasifera (typical myrobalan plum);subsp. orientalis (M. Pop.) Erem. et Garcov. (Oriental myrobalan plum);and subsp. macrocarpa Erem. et Garcov. (large-fruited myrobalan plum).Within subsp. P. cerasifera subsp. macrocarpa, varieties were identified:var. macrocarpa (typical, or Krymsk);var. georgica Erem. et Garcov. (Georgian);var. iranica (Koval.) Erem. et Garcov. (Iranian);var. nairica (Koval.) Erem. et Garcov. (Armenian);var. pissardii Carr. (Pissard);and var. taurica (Kost.) Erem. et Garcov. (Taurida).The participation of myrobalan plum in the origin of spp. P. brigantiaca Vill., P. cocomilia Tem., and P. spinosa L. was traced. Involvement of large-fruited myrobalan plum in hybridization with blackthorn contributed to the manifestation of an exceptional polymorphism among the varieties of the hybridogenic species P. domestica L. (P. cerasifera × P. spinosa). As a result of hybridization between myrobalan plum and Chinese plum varieties, a new cultigen species emerged – Russian plum (× P. rossica Erem.). By now, 127 cultivars of this species and 7 clonal rootstocks for stone fruit crops have been developed. These cultivars and clonal rootstocks are zoned for Russia and a number of other countries. 

Analysis of genetic diversity of Colletotrichum population causing anthracnose in fruit crops using ISSR markers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Das ◽  
Buddhadeb Roy ◽  
Sumit Jangra ◽  
Amita Chowdhury ◽  
Deeba Kamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Fruit Crops

scholarly journals Study Of Genetic Diversity And Resistance Of Fruit Crops To Main Pathogens Using DNA Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abdullaev ◽  
A. Abdurakhimov ◽  
M. Rejapova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Process Identification ◽  
Genomic Technologies ◽  
Varietal Identification ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Modern Varieties

Breeding modern varieties of fruit crops requires the study of their biodiversity as a source of genes for useful traits, with the aim of transferring them to genome of commercial varieties. Application of genomic technologies can significantly speed up the breeding process. Identification and application of DNA markers for the study of genetic diversity, varietal identification, as well as the transfer of genes of valuable economic traits through marker assisted selection programs is of great applied importance. The article discusses the results of studies to identify genes and DNA markers associated with resistance of some fruit crops to major diseases.

scholarly journals Modern methods of molecular diagnostics and study the genetic diversity of fruit and small fruit crops viruses based on sequencing

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
S. B. Radzeniece ◽  
M. T. Upadyshev ◽  
A. A. Cherdakli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Diagnostics ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Short Rnas ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
State Surveillance ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
The Cost

Fruit and small fruit crops are aff ected by various viral diseases, leading to a decrease in yield and product quality, in connection with which the urgent task is to increase the reliability, sensitivity and productivity of diagnosing viruses and other dangerous pathogens. The solution to this problem is carried out by introducing new methods and technologies of molecular diagnostics, with the main attention being paid to decoding nucleotide sequences by sequencing. Sequencing provides a detailed description of the genome of the virus and allows one to get complete epigenomic information. Next generation sequencing (NGS) methods provide parallel testing for the presence of all malicious viruses in a single sample, including identifi cation with a high degree of certainty of non-specifi c and new viruses with the possibility of using diff erent types of samples, for example, pollen. An example of NGS is the Illumina method, based on sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of short RNAs. Modern sequencers can generate from 4 million to 20 billion reads per cycle with read lengths from 50 to 300 nucleotides. The use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) in conjunction with barcoding allows mass genotyping and characterization of viruses, analysis and elimination of PCR errors while maintaining the real diversity of gene libraries, as well as recognition of mutations in samples. New sequencing methods allow a deeper study of the genetic diversity of the strain composition of the viruses of fruit and small fruit crops. Some of the recently identifi ed and infecting fruit crops belong to the genera of viruses previously unknown for these plant species (for example, Fabavirus, Luteovirus). Complete RNA sequencing was used to identify and characterize the viruses of grape, apple, pear, and cherry. In cultivated Prunus species, 44 viruses have been identifi ed. A new ilarvirus was discovered on the apple tree – the Apple necrotic mosaic virus. The use of HTS for the analysis of fruit and small fruit viruses is becoming increasingly widespread. With a decrease in the cost of sequencing, the introduction and validation of new molecular methods will make it possible in the near future to use them in the diagnosis of viruses by State surveillance authorities.

Genetic diversity of malaria vector

Nature India ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhra Priyadarshini
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Malaria Vector
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