Musical Style Classification Using Low-Level Features

Active Media Technology - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-04875-3_32 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 288-298

Author(s):

Armando Buzzanca ◽

Giovanna Castellano ◽

Anna Maria Fanelli

Keyword(s):

Musical Style ◽

Low Level

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Tryptophan-Niacin Metabolism in Rat with Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrosis

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.76.1.28 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 28-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yukari Egashira ◽

Shin Nagaki ◽

Hiroo Sanada

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Urinary Excretion ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Puromycin Aminonucleoside ◽

Low Level ◽

Key Enzyme

We investigated the change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside PAN-induced nephrosis, the mechanisms responsible for their change of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, and the role of the kidney in tryptophan-niacin conversion. PAN-treated rats were intraperitoneally injected once with a 1.0% (w/v) solution of PAN at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The collection of 24-hour urine was conducted 8 days after PAN injection. Daily urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, liver and blood NAD, and key enzyme activities of tryptophan-niacin metabolism were determined. In PAN-treated rats, the sum of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites was significantly lower compared with controls. The kidneyα-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) activity in the PAN-treated group was significantly decreased by 50%, compared with the control group. Although kidney ACMSD activity was reduced, the conversion of tryptophan to niacin tended to be lower in the PAN-treated rats. A decrease in urinary excretion of niacin and the conversion of tryptophan to niacin in nephrotic rats may contribute to a low level of blood tryptophan. The role of kidney ACMSD activity may be minimal concerning tryptophan-niacin conversion under this experimental condition.

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