The Stable Isotopes Approach to Study C and N Sequestration Processes in a Plant–Soil System

2011 ◽  
pp. 107-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Celano ◽  
Francesco Alluvione ◽  
Mostafa Abdel Aziz Ali Mohamed ◽  
Riccardo Spaccini
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
C And N

Allocation and dynamics of C and N within plant-soil system of ash and beech

2016 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Sommer ◽  
Michaela A. Dippold ◽  
Heinz Flessa ◽  
Yakov Kuzyakov
Keyword(s):  
Soil System ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
C And N

scholarly journals Carbon-nitrogen feedbacks in the UVic ESCM

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-118
Author(s):  
R. Wania ◽  
K. J. Meissner ◽  
M. Eby ◽  
V. Arora ◽  
I. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
External Input ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Biological N2 Fixation ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Pools ◽  
C And N

Abstract. A representation of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle is introduced into the UVic Earth System Climate Model (UVic ESCM). The UVic ESCM now contains five terrestrial carbon pools and seven terrestrial nitrogen pools: soil, litter, leaves, stem and roots for both elements and ammonium and nitrate in the soil for nitrogen. Nitrogen cycles through plant tissue, litter, soil and the mineral pools before being taken up again by the plant. Biological N2 fixation and nitrogen deposition represent the external input and loss from the plant-soil system can occur via leaching. Simulated carbon and nitrogen pools and fluxes are in the range of other models and data. Gross primary production (GPP) for the 1990s in the CN-coupled version is 129.6 Pg C a−1 and net C uptake is 0.83 Pg C a−1, whereas the C-only version results in a GPP of 133.1 Pg C a−1 and a net C uptake of 1.57 Pg C a−1. At the end of a transient experiment for the years 1800–2000, where temperature is held constant but CO2 fertilisation for vegetation is allowed to happen, the CN-coupled version shows an enhanced net C uptake of 1.05 Pg C a−1, whereas in the experiment where CO2 is held constant and temperature is transient the land turns into a C source of 0.60 Pg C a−1 by the 1990s. The arithmetic sum of the temperature and CO2 effects results in 0.45 Pg C a−1, which is 0.38 Pg C a−1 lower than seen in the fully forced model, suggesting a strong non-linearity in the CN-coupled version. Anthropogenic N deposition has a positive effect on Net Ecosystem Production of 0.35 Pg C a−1. Overall, the UVic CN-coupled version shows similar characteristics in terms of C and N pools and fluxes to other CN-coupled Earth System Models.

scholarly journals Assessment of trophic relationships between symbiotic tropical ophiuroids using C and N stable isotope analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fourgon ◽  
G. Lepoint ◽  
I. Eeckhaut
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Tracer Experiment ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotopes ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
C And N ◽  
The One

Analyses of the natural abundance of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes were performed to investigate the feeding habits of two ophiuroids, Ophiomastix venosa and Ophiocoma scolopendrina, and to assess the potential benefit obtained by the symbiotic Ophiomastix venosa juveniles. A tracer experiment was also carried out to clarify the contribution of algae to the nitrogen uptake amongst the tested ophiuroids. Our results suggest that Ophiocoma scolopendrina adults occupy a higher position in the food web than Ophiomastix venosa and mainly feed on neuston. In contrast, O. venosa adults feed on the alga Sargassum densifolium and on organic matter associated with sediment. Free juveniles and symbiotic juveniles of O. venosa have intermediate δ13C values between both adult species. The high proportion of 13C in the symbiotic juveniles compared to the one in their conspecific adults indicates that their diet slightly differs from the latter and is closer to that of Ophiocoma scolopendrina. This raises the hypothesis that symbiotic juveniles steal neuston from their associated host, O. scolopendrina.

Distribution and migration of 95Zr in a tea plant/soil system

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Shi ◽  
Jiangfeng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Tea Plant ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
And Migration

Modelling the Balance of Metals in the Amended Soil for the Case of ‘Atmosphere–Plant–Soil’ System

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edita Baltrėnaitė ◽  
Arvydas Lietuvninkas ◽  
Pranas Baltrėnas
Keyword(s):  
Soil System ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Amended Soil

scholarly journals The response of soil and phyllosphere microbial communities to repeated application of the fungicide iprodione: accelerated biodegradation or toxicity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Katsoula ◽  
S Vasileiadis ◽  
M Sapountzi ◽  
Dimitrios G Karpouzas
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Repeated Application ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Plant Soil

ABSTRACT Pesticides interact with microorganisms in various ways with the outcome being negative or positive for the soil microbiota. Pesticides' effects on soil microorganisms have been studied extensively in soil but not in other pesticides-exposed microbial habitats like the phyllosphere. We tested the hypothesis that soil and phyllosphere support distinct microbial communities, but exhibit a similar response (accelerated biodegradation or toxicity) to repeated exposure to the fungicide iprodione. Pepper plants received four repeated foliage or soil applications of iprodione, which accelerated its degradation in soil (DT50_1st = 1.23 and DT50_4th = 0.48 days) and on plant leaves (DT50_1st > 365 and DT50_4th = 5.95 days). The composition of the epiphytic and soil bacterial and fungal communities, determined by amplicon sequencing, was significantly altered by iprodione. The archaeal epiphytic and soil communities responded differently; the former showed no response to iprodione. Three iprodione-degrading Paenarthrobacter strains were isolated from soil and phyllosphere. They hydrolyzed iprodione to 3,5-dichloraniline via the formation of 3,5-dichlorophenyl-carboxiamide and 3,5-dichlorophenylurea-acetate, a pathway shared by other soil-derived arthrobacters implying a phylogenetic specialization in iprodione biotransformation. Our results suggest that iprodione-repeated application could affect soil and epiphytic microbial communities with implications for the homeostasis of the plant–soil system and agricultural production.

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