The Shanghai Multi-Hazard Early Warning System: Addressing the Challenge of Disaster Risk Reduction in an Urban Megalopolis

2012 ◽  
pp. 159-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Tang ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Yongjie Zou ◽  
Haizhen Mu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk

scholarly journals Early warning system on extreme weather events for disaster risk reduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Jacipt Alexander Ramón-Valencia ◽  
Jordi Rafael Palacios-González ◽  
Germán Rircardo Santos-Granados ◽  
Jarol Derley Ramón-Valencia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events

The objective of this research was to propose a strategy based on the design and implementation of an early warning system (EWS) for extreme weather events. This project had the following phases: training for municipal and regional actors, preliminary technical diagnosis of the study areas, monitoring network, and the weather forecasts using numerical models WRF and GFS. This EWS is the result of the Macro-project EWS for Climate Events in the basins of the Pamplonita River and Zulia in the North of Santander (SATC), executed by the University of Pamplona and financed by the National Risk Management Unit (UNGRD) and the German Cooperation Agency (GIZ). The research concluded that the application of a disaster risk reduction strategy through an EWS for extreme weather events is an important tool and instrument for the planning of higher risk management because it helps anticipate disasters and consequently preserve lives.

scholarly journals The Capacity Building programmes of GITEWS – visions, goals, lessons learned, and re-iterated needs and demands

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schlurmann ◽  
M. Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning

Abstract. It was envisioned that the framework of the German-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) should achieve an integral architecture and overarching technical design of an end-to-end tsunami early warning system (TEWS). In order to achieve this ambitious goal on a national and local level, a tailored set of capacity building measures has been started and implemented. The programme was meant and designed to meet requirements and urgent needs considering awareness raising campaigns, technical trainings and higher level education programs. These components have been integrated as complementary modules in order to ensure facilitating the early warning system to be operated, maintained and improved, and that institutions and people in coastal areas will respond adequately and timely in case of future tsunamis. Remarkable progress has been accomplished as well as programs and campaigns are being implemented in regard to a sustainable capacity development conducted by national institutions in Indonesia. Yet, local administrative and preparedness efforts on the Indonesian coastlines are still underdeveloped. This stems from the fact of missing links towards sustainable coastal zone management schemes on a broad local level. Yet, the demand and urgent need for an adequate and integrated disaster risk reduction and management addressing also other hazards in the region of interest is (still) substantial. Given the tragic loss of life and severe damages resulting from the December 2004 tsunami and recent series of severe earthquakes, the need for urgent mitigating action in the imperilled coastal regions of Sumatra and Java remains extremely high. The conceptual Capacity Building framework, its anticipated goals in the beginning of the project and, lately, the finally achieved objectives are promising. A significant contribution for mainstreaming scientific approaches and transfer methodological disaster risk reduction attempts towards other regions exposed to coastal hazards is still pending. Local authorities and researchers in tentative affected regions are now trained and enabled to disseminate and apply their knowledge and planning experience to other coastal regions in the area to help facilitating and multiplying effective disaster management plans and strategies. Yet, the Capacity Building framework within GITEWS also elucidated gaps in the early warning chain so that updated and to some extent re-iterated needs and demands in Capacity Building programs in any future research or development cooperation project are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals The Community – Based Flood Disaster Risk Reduction (CBDRR) in Beringin Watershed in Semarang City

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Tiara Sartika Worowirasmi ◽  
Miun Edi Waluyo ◽  
Yuliana Rachmawati ◽  
Itsna Yuni Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Community Based

<p class="Abstract"><em>Pertumbuhan penduduk di Kota Semarang yang terus meningkat </em><em>menyebabkan peningkatan kebutuhan lahan </em><em>untuk pemukiman. Keterbatasan lahan dan </em><em>lemahnya </em><em>penegakan peraturan </em><em>atas</em><em> kepemilikan lahan memicu perubahan penggunaan lahan termasuk perubahan penggunaan lahan di daerah aliran sungai. Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Semarang tahun 2011-2031 </em><em>menyebutkan bahwa</em><em> DAS Beringin </em><em>merupakan </em><em>daerah penyangga dengan alokasi pembangunan fisik yang dibatasi</em><em>. </em><em>Akan tetapi saat ini warga memanfaatkan DAS sebagai permukiman. Perkembangan pe</em><em>r</em><em>mukiman di DAS mengurangi kemampuan DAS untuk menangkap air dan juga mengurangi kapasitas sungai karena meningkatnya sedimentasi. Kedua hal tersebut adalah penyebab utama dari adanya bencana banjir bandang (yang biasanya terjadi di musim hujan) di tujuh kelurahan yang ada di DAS Beringin. Kondisi ini diperparah dengan banjir rob yang terjadi di dua kelurahan yang terletak di pesisir. Pada </em><em>tahun </em><em>2012, pemerintah Kota Semarang mengembangkan Sistem Peramalan dan Peringatan Banjir sebagai salah satu Upaya Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim yang dikenal sebagai </em>Flood Early Warning System<em> (FEWS). Salah satu output penting dari FEWS adalah pengurangan r</em><em>e</em><em>siko bencana berbasis masyarakat. Proses partisipasi masyarakat dalam FEWS telah memungkinkan masyarakat untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik r</em><em>e</em><em>siko bencana, mengusulkan solusi untuk mengurangi r</em><em>e</em><em>siko banjir yang sesuai dengan kearifan lokal, meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat dan mengatur diri mereka sendiri </em><em>melalui </em><em>kelompok siaga bencana </em><em>secara</em><em> mandiri.</em><em></em></p>

Lessons from tropical storms Urduja and Vinta disasters in the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahar Lagmay ◽  
Bernard Alan Racoma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Disaster ◽  
Management Council

PurposeTropical storms Urduja and Vinta battered the Philippines in December 2017. Despite advances in disaster risk reduction efforts of the country, the twin December storms caused numerous deaths in the Visayas and Mindanao regions. Analysis of these events shows that alerts raised during the Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment (PDRA) for both storms were largely ineffective because they were too broad and general calling for forced evacuations in too many provinces. Repeated multiple and general warnings that usually do not end up in floods or landslides, desensitize people and result in the cry-wolf effect where communities do not respond with urgency when needed. It was unlike the previous execution of PDRA from 2014 to early 2017 by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), which averted mass loss of lives in many severely impacted areas because of hazard-specific, area-focused and time-bound warnings. PDRA must reinstate specific calls, where mayors of communities are informed by phone hours in advance of imminent danger to prompt and ensure immediate action. Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction information using probabilistic (multi-scenario) hazard maps is also necessary for an effective early warning system to elicit appropriate response from the community. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachMethods of early warning through the PDRA of the National Disaster Mitigation and Management Council (NDRRMC) of the Philippines during tropical storm Urduja and Typhoon Vinta were assessed in this study and compared to the previous PDRA system from 2014 to early 2017.FindingsIt was found out that the numerous casualties were due to inadequate warning issued during the approach of the tropical cyclones. During an impending hazard, warnings must be accurate, reliable, understandable and timely. Despite the availability of maps that identified safe zones for different communities, warnings raised during the PDRA for both tropical cyclones were deemed too general calling for evacuations of whole provinces. As such, not all communities were evacuated in a timely manner because of failure in the key elements of an effective early warning system.Originality/valueTo avoid future disasters from happening, it is recommended that the PDRA reinstate its hazards-specific, area-focused and time-bound warnings. Similarly, to increase the resilience of communities, more work on mainstreaming of Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk and Vulnerability Reduction systems for communities must be done as well. Learning from the lessons of these previous disasters will enable communities, their leaders and every stakeholder, not to repeat the same mistakes in the future.

scholarly journals OPERATIONAL REMOTE SENSING SERVICES IN NORTH EASTERN REGION OF INDIA FOR NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, EARLY WARNING FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION AND SERVICES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. N. Raju ◽  
K. K. Sarma ◽  
D. Barman ◽  
B. K. Handique ◽  
D. Chutia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
North Eastern

North Eastern Region (NER) of India comprising of eight states considered to be most unique and one of the most challenging regions to govern due to its unique physiographic condition, rich biodiversity, disaster prone and diverse socio-economic characteristics. Operational Remote Sensing services increased manifolds in the region with the establishment of North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) in the year 2000. Since inception, NESAC has been providing remote sensing services in generating inventory, planning and developmental activities, and management of natural resources, disasters and dissemination of information and services through geo-web services for NER. The operational remote sensing services provided by NESAC can be broadly divided into three categories viz. natural resource planning and developmental services, disaster risk reduction and early warning services and information dissemination through geo-portal services. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; As a apart of natural resources planning and developmental services NESAC supports the state forest departments in preparing the forest working plans by providing geospatial inputs covering entire NER, identifying the suitable culturable wastelands for cultivation of silkworm food plants, mapping of natural resources such as land use/land cover, wastelands, land degradation etc. on temporal basis. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; In the area of disaster risk reduction, NESAC has initiated operational services for early warning and post disaster assessment inputs for flood early warning system (FLEWS) using satellite remote sensing, numerical weather prediction, hydrological modeling etc.; forest fire alert system with actionable attribute information; Japanese Encephalitis Early Warning System (JEWS) based on mosquito vector abundance, pig population and historical disease intensity and agriculture drought monitoring for the region. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; The large volumes of geo-spatial databases generated as part of operational services are made available to the administrators and local government bodies for better management, preparing prospective planning, and sustainable use of available resources. The knowledge dissemination is being done through online web portals wherever the internet access is available and as well as offline space based information kiosks, where the internet access is not available or having limited bandwidth availability. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; This paper presents a systematic and comprehensive study on the remote sensing services operational in NER of India for natural resources management, disaster risk reduction and dissemination of information and services, in addition to outlining future areas and direction of space applications for the region.

scholarly journals OPERATIONAL REMOTE SENSING SERVICES IN NORTH EASTERN REGION OF INDIA FOR NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, EARLY WARNING FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION AND SERVICES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 767-775
Author(s):  
P. L. N. Raju ◽  
K. K. Sarma ◽  
D. Barman ◽  
B. K. Handique ◽  
D. Chutia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
North Eastern

North Eastern Region (NER) of India comprising of eight states considered to be most unique and one of the most challenging regions to govern due to its unique physiographic condition, rich biodiversity, disaster prone and diverse socio-economic characteristics. Operational Remote Sensing services increased manifolds in the region with the establishment of North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) in the year 2000. Since inception, NESAC has been providing remote sensing services in generating inventory, planning and developmental activities, and management of natural resources, disasters and dissemination of information and services through geo-web services for NER. The operational remote sensing services provided by NESAC can be broadly divided into three categories viz. natural resource planning and developmental services, disaster risk reduction and early warning services and information dissemination through geo-portal services. <br><br> As a apart of natural resources planning and developmental services NESAC supports the state forest departments in preparing the forest working plans by providing geospatial inputs covering entire NER, identifying the suitable culturable wastelands for cultivation of silkworm food plants, mapping of natural resources such as land use/land cover, wastelands, land degradation etc. on temporal basis. <br><br> In the area of disaster risk reduction, NESAC has initiated operational services for early warning and post disaster assessment inputs for flood early warning system (FLEWS) using satellite remote sensing, numerical weather prediction, hydrological modeling etc.; forest fire alert system with actionable attribute information; Japanese Encephalitis Early Warning System (JEWS) based on mosquito vector abundance, pig population and historical disease intensity and agriculture drought monitoring for the region. <br><br> The large volumes of geo-spatial databases generated as part of operational services are made available to the administrators and local government bodies for better management, preparing prospective planning, and sustainable use of available resources. The knowledge dissemination is being done through online web portals wherever the internet access is available and as well as offline space based information kiosks, where the internet access is not available or having limited bandwidth availability. <br><br> This paper presents a systematic and comprehensive study on the remote sensing services operational in NER of India for natural resources management, disaster risk reduction and dissemination of information and services, in addition to outlining future areas and direction of space applications for the region.

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